President Gerald R. Ford

Gerald R. Ford (http://www.harrywalker.com/ photos/Ford_Gerald.jpg)

(http://www.campaignbuttons-etc.com/ford21C.jpg)

 

 
Gerald R. Ford (1974-1977)

August 9, 1974 - Gerald Ford (born Leslie King in Omaha, NE, adopted, renamed  by his mother's second husband) was sworn in as the 38th president of the United States following the resignation of Richard Nixon.

August 14, 1974 - Congress authorizes U.S. citizens to own gold.

September 2, 1974 - President Gerald Ford signed into law the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), a federal law which regulated employee health and pension benefit plans in the private sector (employment based medical and hospitalization benefits, apprenticeship plans, and other plans); two purposes: a)  protect employee benefits and b) help employers operating in multiple states by providing uniformity in administration and regulation of benefit plans; set minimum standards for most voluntarily established pension and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans; required pension plans to provide for vesting of employees' pension rights after a specified minimum number of years and to meet certain funding requirements. It also established the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), that  provided some minimal benefits coverage in the event that a plan did not, on termination, have sufficient assets to provide all the benefits employees and retirees had earned; covered pension plans and welfare benefit plans; Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration (PWBA) responsible for administering and enforcing the fiduciary, reporting and disclosure provisions of Title I of ERISA; February 2003 - name changed to Employee Benefits Security Administration.

September 8, 1974 - President Ford granted an unconditional pardon to former President Nixon for all Federal crimes that he "committed or may have committed or taken part in" while in office, an act Mr. Ford said was intended to spare Mr. Nixon and the nation further punishment in the Watergate scandals. Mr. Nixon, in San Clemente, Calif., accepted the pardon, which exempts him from indictment and trial for, among other things, his role in the cover-up of the Watergate burglary. He issued a statement saying that he could now see he was "wrong in not acting more decisively and more forthrightly in dealing with Watergate."

September 12, 1974 - Emperor Haile Selassie was deposed by Ethiopia's military after ruling for 58 years.

September 16, 1974 - President Ford announced a conditional amnesty program for Vietnam War deserters and draft evaders.

September 25, 1974 - Scientists warned that continued use of aerosol sprays would cause ozone depletion, leading to an increased risk of skin cancer and global weather changes and warming.

October 17, 1974 - President Gerald Ford explains to Congress why he had chosen to pardon his predecessor, Richard Nixon, rather than allow Congress to pursue legal action against the former president. Congress had accused Nixon of obstruction of justice during the investigation of the Watergate scandal, which began in 1972. White House tape recordings revealed that Nixon knew about and possibly authorized the bugging of the Democratic National Committee offices, located in the Watergate Hotel in Washington DC. Rather than be impeached and removed from office, Nixon chose to resign on August 8, 1974. When he assumed office on August 9, 1974, Ford, referring to the Watergate scandal, announced that America’s "long national nightmare" was over. There were no historical or legal precedents to guide Ford in the matter of Nixon’s pending indictment, but after much thought, he decided to give Nixon a full pardon for all offenses against the United States in order to put the tragic and disruptive scandal behind all concerned. Ford justified this decision by claiming that a long, drawn-out trial would only have further polarized the public. Ford’s decision to pardon Nixon was condemned by many and is thought to have contributed to Ford’s failure to win the presidential election of 1976.

November 21, 1974 -Freedom of Information Act passed by Congress over President Ford's veto.

November 24, 1974 - Gerald Ford and Leonid Brezhnev signs SALT-2-treaty.

November 25, 1974 - The British government outlawed the IRA in all of Great Britain, including Northern Ireland, after IRA bombs hurt and killed many in Birmingham, England.

December 10, 1974 - Representative Wilbur D. Mills (65 years old), an influential and married Democratic congressman from Arkansas, resigns as chairman of the Ways and Means Committee in the aftermath of the first truly public sex scandal in American politics; October 7, 1974 - at 2 a.m., Mills was stopped by Washington park police while driving at night with his lights off; visibly intoxicated, his face was scratched, his companion, 38-year-old Annabell Battistella, had bruised eyes. Battistella then jumped into the Tidal Basin near the Jefferson Memorial and had to be pulled out by the police; later identified as a popular stripper who went by the names "Fanne Foxe" and the "Argentine Firecracker."

December 19, 1974 - Nelson A. Rockefeller was sworn in as the vice president of the United States, replacing Gerald Ford. Ford had replaced Spiro Agnew months before when Agnew resigned.

December 31, 1974 - Private U.S. citizens were allowed to buy and own gold for the first time in more than 40 years.

January 15, 1975 - President Gerald Ford warned Congress before launching into his very first state of the union address. During the ensuing speech, Ford painted a grim portrait of America's economic woes. The state of the union, he confessed, was "not good. Millions of Americans are out of work. Recession and inflation are eroding the money of millions more. Prices are too high and sales are too low." Along with these problems, Ford offered an ominous budget estimate that showed the government running increasingly in the red over the next few fiscal years. However, Ford, who had recently been installed as the President after Richard Nixon's scandal-ridden resignation, attempted to balance the bad news by offering a remedy for the America's fiscal ailments. He unveiled a relief package that featured a few rounds of tax cuts for individuals and corporations, as well as an energy program that promised to raise money, albeit through raising costs and taxes on oil for consumers and businesses.

January 27, 1975 - Special congressional committee headed by Senator Frank Church of Idaho launches bipartisan Senate investigation of activities by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); November 20, 1975 - the committee released its report - charged both U.S. government agencies with illegal activities: 1) that the FBI and the CIA had conducted illegal surveillance of several hundred thousand U.S. citizens; 2) CIA had illegally plotted to assassinate foreign leaders, such as Salvador Allende, the democratically elected socialist president of Chile (1973 - Allende was killed in a coup that the CIA secretly helped organize); 3) CIA had maintained a secret stockpile of poisons despite a specific presidential order to destroy the substances.

January 28, 1975 - President Gerald Ford asks Congress for an additional $522 million in military aid for South Vietnam and Cambodia. He revealed that North Vietnam now had 289,000 troops in South Vietnam, and tanks, heavy artillery, and antiaircraft weapons "by the hundreds." Despite his wishes to honor Nixon's promise to come to the aid of South Vietnam, he was faced with a hostile Congress who refused to appropriate military aid for South Vietnam and Cambodia; both countries fell to the communists later in the year.

February 11, 1975 - Margaret Thatcher became the first woman to lead the British Conservative Party; defeated Edward Heath.

February 21, 1975 - Former Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman were sentenced to 2 1/2 to 8 years in prison for their roles in the Watergate cover-up.

March 7, 1975 - The Senate revised its filibuster rule, allowing 60 senators to limit debate in most cases, instead of the previously required two-thirds of senators present.

April 17, 1975 - Khmer Rouge troops capture Phnom Penh and government forces surrender. The war between government troops and the communist insurgents had been raging since March 1970, when Lt. Gen. Lon Nol had ousted Prince Norodom Sihanouk in a bloodless coup and proclaimed the establishment of the Khmer Republic.

April 23, 1975 - South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu resigned after 10 years in office. Xuan Loc, the last South Vietnamese outpost blocking a direct North Vietnamese assault on Saigon, falls to the communists. As the North Vietnamese forces closed on the approaches to Saigon, the politburo in Hanoi issued an order to Gen. Van Tien Dung to launch the "Ho Chi Minh Campaign," the final assault on Saigon itself. Dung began to move his forces into position for the final battle. With the fall of Xuan Loc, President Nguyen Van Thieu resigned and transferred authority to Vice-President Tran Van Huong. Thieu then fled Saigon, flying to Taiwan on April 25 and eventually on to Great Britain.

April 30, 1975 - The South Vietnamese capital of Saigon fell to Communist forces. Communist troops of North Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam poured into Saigon today as a century of Western influences came to an end. The President of the former non-Communist Government of South Vietnam, Gen. Duong Van Minh, who had gone on radio and television to announce his administration's surrender, was taken to a microphone later by North Vietnamese soldiers for another announcement. He appealed to all Saigon troops to lay down their arms and was taken by the North Vietnamese soldiers to an undisclosed destination. The transfer of power was symbolized by the raising of the flag of the National Liberation Front over the presidential palace.

May 7, 1975 - President Ford declares an end to "Vietnam Era".

May 12, 1975 - American freighter Mayaguez and its 39-man crew is captured by communist government forces in Cambodia (gunboats of the Cambodian navy), setting off an international incident. The U.S. response to the affair indicated that the wounds of the Vietnam War still ran deep. Cambodian authorities imprisoned the American crew, pending an investigation of the ship and why it had sailed into waters claimed by Cambodia. The response of the United States government was quick. President Gerald Ford called the Cambodian seizure of the Mayaguez an "act of piracy" and promised swift action to rescue the captured Americans. May 14, 1975 - President Ford ordered the bombing of the Cambodian port where the gunboats had come from and sent Marines to attack the island of Koh Tang, where the prisoners were being held. Unfortunately, the military action was probably unnecessary. The Cambodian government was already in the process of releasing the crew of the Mayaguez and the ship. Forty-one Americans died, most of them in an accidental explosion during the attack. Most Americans, however, cheered the action as evidence that the United States was once again willing to use military might to slap down potential enemies.

May 21, 1975 - Lowell W. Perry confirmed as chairman of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

May 29, 1975 - President Gerald Ford vetoed $5.3 billion jobs-creation bill. Legislation promised to create 1 million badly needed jobs but Ford was wary of the program's hefty price tag. He moved to pass a bill that extended the ceiling on unemployment benefits to sixty-five weeks.

June 5, 1975 - Egypt reopened the Suez Canal to international shipping, eight years after it was closed because of the 1967 war with Israel.

June 12, 1975 - Indira Gandhi (daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of the independent Republic of India), the prime minister of India, is found guilty of electoral corruption in her successful 1971 campaign. Despite calls for her resignation, Gandhi refused to give up India's top office and later declared martial law in the country when public demonstrations threatened to topple her administration. 1977 - long-postponed national elections were held, and Gandhi and her party were swept from office. The next year, Gandhi's supporters broke from the Congress Party and formed the Congress (I) Party, with the "I" standing for "Indira." January 1980 - Congress (I) Party, with Indira as its head, won back the lower Indian parliament in a stunning reversal of its political fortunes. Gandhi, embraced by Indians who valued her strong leadership, was again prime minister. The legal cases against her were subsequently dismissed. October 31, 1984 - Sikh members of Gandhi's own bodyguard gunned her down on the grounds of her home after hundreds of Sikhs had been killed in the government assault on a sacred Sikh Golden Temple in Amritsar.

July 5, 1975 - The Cape Verde Islands officially became independent after 500 years of Portuguese rule.

July 8, 1975 - President Ford announced he'll seek Republican nomination for president.

July 17, 1975 - Apollo spaceship docked with a Soyuz spacecraft in orbit in the first superpower linkup of its kind (about 140 miles over the Atlantic Ocean, 620 miles west of Portugal). The Soviet and American crews met face to face more than three hours and two orbits of earth later. The linked spaceships were passing over Amsterdam at the moment.

July 22, 1975 - House of Representatives votes to restore citizenship to Gen Robert E. Lee.

July 29, 1975 - President Gerald R. Ford became the first U.S. president to visit the site of the Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz in Poland.

July 30, 1975 - Thirty-five nations, called together by the United States and the Soviet Union, begin a summit meeting in Helsinki, Finland. Officially known as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the meeting was attended by the United States, the Soviet Union, Canada, and all European nations (except Albania). August 1, 1975, the summit attendees issued a "Final Act," outlining the broad agreements that had been reached at the conference. All signatories to the Final Act agreed to respect the state boundaries established after World War II and abide by the rule of international law. In addition, human rights were emphasized and all states agreed to protect the basic rights of their people. Finally, all nations agreed to pursue arms reduction treaties in the future. Temporary jumpstart to the idea of detente, but in the years to come most aspects of the Final Act were disregarded or forgotten.

July 30, 1975 - Former Teamsters union president Jimmy Hoffa disappeared in suburban Detroit. Although presumed dead, his remains have never been found.

August 1, 1975 - United States, the Soviet Union, Canada and every European nation (except Albania) sign the Helsinki Final Act on the last day of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE). The act was intended to revive the sagging spirit of detente between the Soviet Union and the United States and its allies. CSCE soon became the cause for heated debates between the United States and the Soviet Union, primarily over the issue of human rights in Russia. By mid-1978 - the CSCE ceased to function in any important sense. It was revived by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s, and served as a foundation for his policy of closer and friendlier relations with the United States.

September 5, 1975 - President Gerald R. Ford escaped an attempt on his life in Sacramento, CA, by Lynette ''Squeaky'' Fromme, a follower of Charles Manson.

September 22, 1975 - Sara Jane Moore failed in an attempt to shoot President Gerald R. Ford outside a San Francisco hotel.

October 2, 1975 - President Gerald Ford welcomed Showa Tenno Hirohito, the 124th Japanese monarch along an imperial line dating back to 660 BC.

October 20, 1975 - The U.S. announced a deal to make annual sales of 6 to 8 million tons of grain to the Soviet Union.

October 26, 1975 - Anwar Sadat became the first Egyptian president to pay an official visit to the United States.

October 30, 1975- The New York Daily News ran the headline ''Ford to City: Drop Dead'' a day after President Gerald R. Ford said he would veto any proposed federal bailout of New York City.

October 30, 1975 - Prince Juan Carlos becomes Spain's acting head of state after General Francisco Franco, the dictator of Spain since 1936, concedes that he is too ill too govern. Three weeks after Juan Carlos assumed power, Franco died of a heart attack. November 22, 1975 - Juan Carlos was crowned king. Juan Carlos' grandfather was Alfonso XIII, the last ruling monarch of Spain, who was forced into exile in 1931 after Spain was declared a republic. Born in Italy in 1938, Juan Carlos returned to Spain in 1955 under the invitation of Franco and received a military education. In 1969, Franco designated Juan Carlos his successor. Despite having pledged loyalty to Franco's authoritarian regime, King Juan Carlos immediately began a transition to democracy after Franco's death in 1975.

November 10, 1975 - United Nations Resolution 3379: United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism (the resolution was repealed in December 1991).

November 11, 1975 - Angola gained independence from Portugal.

November 20, 1975 - Ronald Reagan announced candidacy for Rep nomination for president.

November 21, 1975 - The Senate Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, chaired by Senator Frank Church, issues a report charging that U.S. government officials were behind assassination plots against two foreign leaders and were heavily involved in at least three other plots. Alleged that U.S. officials instigated plots to assassinate Cuban leader Fidel Castro and Patrice Lumumba of the Congo. In addition, the U.S. officials "encouraged or were privy to" plots that led to the assassinations of Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam, General Rene Schneider of Chile, and Rafael Trujillo of the Dominican Republic. The attempts against Castro failed, but the other four leaders were killed. The Central Intelligence Agency came in for special condemnation for its efforts to recruit Mafia hit men to kill Castro and mercenaries to assassinate Lumumba. In the report's conclusion, the committee declared that, "We condemn the use of assassination as a tool of foreign policy [and] find that assassination violates moral precepts fundamental to our way of life." President Gerald Ford criticized the decision to release the report, claiming that it would do "grievous damage to our country" and would be used by "groups hostile to the United States in a manner designed to do maximum damage to the reputation and foreign policy of the United States."

November 22, 1975 - Juan Carlos I was sworn in as King of Spain, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco.

November 25, 1975 - Suriname, formerly called Dutch Guiana, became an independent republic.

November 26, 1975 - A federal jury in Sacramento, CA found Lynette ''Squeaky'' Fromme, a follower of Charles Manson, guilty of trying to assassinate President Gerald R. Ford.

November 26, 1975 - President Gerald Ford proposed a $2.3 billion aid package designed to address New York City's "seasonal cash needs" (saddled with a multi-million-dollar deficit that threatened to balloon to $1.3 billion by March 1976); plan passed, made federal money available to New York in any of the ensuing three years.

November 28, 1975 - President Gerald Ford, nominated Federal Judge John Paul Stevens to the U.S. Supreme Court seat vacated by William O. Douglas. 

November 28, 1975 - Democratically elected government of East Timor, near Australia in the Timor Sea. fearing an imminent Indonesian invasion, proclaimed the Democratic Republic of East Timor. December 7, 1975 - Indonesian dictator Suharto ordered Indonesian forces to launch a massive invasion of the former Portuguese half of the island of Timor; initiated a naval bombardment of the city of Dili, followed by landings of paratroopers from the air and of marines on the beaches. December 10, 1975 - a second invasion force captured the second largest city, Baucau. Elsewhere, East Timorese resistance continued, but by 1978 the annexation of East Timor by Indonesia was essentially complete. 

December 9, 1975 - President Gerald R. Ford signed a $2.3 billion seasonal loan authorization to prevent New York City from having to default.

December 12, 1975 - Sara Jane Moore pleaded guilty to trying to kill President Gerald R. Ford.

December 17, 1975 - Lynette ''Squeaky'' Fromme was sentenced to life in prison for her attempt on the life of President Gerald R. Ford.

December 23, 1975 - Congress passed the Metric Conversion Act declaring that the SI (International System of Units) will be the country's basic system of measurement.

January 5, 1976 - Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot (born Saloth Sar in 1925 to a relatively well-off Cambodian family) announces a new constitution changing the name of Cambodia to Kampuchea and legalizing its Communist government. During the next three years his brutal regime sent the nation back to the Middle Ages and was responsible for the deaths of an estimated 1 to 2 million Cambodians.

January 15, 1976 - Sara Jane Moore was sentenced to life in prison for her attempt on the life of President Gerald Ford in San Francisco.

February 11, 1976 - Clifford Alexander, Jr. confirmed as first black secretary of Army.

February 20, 1976 - Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), one of the bulwarks of America's Cold War policies in Asia, concludes its final military exercise and quietly shuts down (Vietnam War did much to destroy its cohesiveness and question its effectiveness); 1954 - formed during a meeting in Manila called by U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. Eight nations-the United States, France, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan-joined together in the regional defense organization to "stem the tide of communism in Asia." As the war in Vietnam became increasingly frustrating and unpopular, SEATO began to crack. By the time the conflict in Vietnam ended in 1975--with South Vietnam's fall to the communist North Vietnamese--only five nations were left to carry out the final SEATO military exercise in February 1976. A mere 188 troops from the United States, Great Britain, the Philippines, Thailand, and New Zealand showed up in the Philippines to conduct what was basically a civic action operation. Roads, schools, and a dam were built by the troops in the Philippine countryside. Afterwards, while "Auld Lang Syne" was played, closing ceremonies marked the end of SEATO.

February 25, 1976 - U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states may ban the hiring of illegal aliens.

March 23, 1976 - International Bill of Rights goes into effect (35 nations ratify).

March 24, 1976 - The president of Argentina, Isabel Peron, was deposed by her country's military.

April 7, 1976 - China's leadership deposed Deputy Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping.

April 25, 1976 - Elections in Vietnam for a National Assembly to reunite the country.

July 2, 1976 - The Supreme Court ruled the death penalty was not inherently cruel or unusual.

July 14, 1976 - Jimmy Carter won the Democratic presidential nomination at the party's convention in New York City.

July 20, 1976 - America's Viking 1 robot spacecraft landed on Mars at Chryse Planitia, and began transmitting pictures. Viking 1 was launched on August 20, 1975, and arrived at Mars on June 19, 1976. The first month of its orbit was devoted to imaging the surface to find appropriate landing sites. On July 20, 1976, the Viking 1 lander separated from the orbiter, touched down on the Chryse Planitia region of Mars, and sent back the first close-up photographs of the rust-colored Martian surface.

August 19, 1976 - President Gerald R. Ford won the Republican presidential nomination at the party's national convention in Kansas City.

September 1, 1976 - Representative Wayne L. Hayes (D-Ohio) resigned because of scandal with Elizabeth Ray.

September 3, 1976 - The unmanned U.S. spacecraft Viking 2 landed on Mars to take the first close-up, color photographs of the planet's surface.

September 17, 1976 - NASA unveiled the first space shuttle, the Enterprise, in Palmdale, California.

September 20, 1976 - Playboy magazine releases Jimmy Carter's interview that he lusts for women.

September 23, 1976 - President Gerald Ford and Democratic challenger Jimmy Carter engaged in a debate that revolved mainly around economic issues. Ford and Carter wrangled over the relative merits of tax cuts and whether or not the country was headed toward increased inflation. While the debate was certainly more civil than some of the political debates of the eighties and nineties, it did feature a few edgy exchanges. In his gentle Southern manner, Carter chided Ford for neglecting the economy, which had continued to wallow in the funk that had begun in the late sixties. The president, meanwhile, dismissed Carter as a soft-headed liberal whose tight-fisted proposals revealed his naivete about managing America's money. The Georgia governor, however, turned his inexperience into a virtue, eventually winning the election by positioning himself as an outsider, untainted by Watergate and the ineffectiveness of the current administration.

September 28, 1976 - Congress passes Toxic Substances Control Act.

October 4, 1976 - In Gregg v. Georgia, the Supreme Court lifted the ban on the death sentence in murder cases, restoring capital punishment, which had not been practiced since 1967.

October 6, 1976 - In a debate with Democratic candidate Jimmy Carter, President Gerald R. Ford asserted there was ''no Soviet domination of eastern Europe.'' Ford later conceded that he had misspoken.

October 11, 1976 - Mao Zedong's widow, Jiang Qing, and three others were arrested and charged with plotting a coup as the Gang of Four.

October 12, 1976 - Hua Guo-feng succeeds Mao Tse-tung as chairman of Communist Party.

October 15, 1976 - In the first debate of its kind between vice-presidential nominees, Democrat Walter F. Mondale and Republican Bob Dole faced off in Houston.

October 28, 1976 - Former Nixon aide John D. Ehrlichman entered a federal prison camp in Safford, Ariz., to begin serving his sentence for Watergate-related convictions.

November 2, 1976 - former Georgia Governor Jimmy Cater defeated incumbent Gerald R. Ford; first U. S. President from the Deep South since the Civil War. 

November 9, 1976 - The United Nations General Assembly approved 10 resolutions condemning apartheid in South Africa, including one characterizing the white-ruled government as ''illegitimate.''

November 18, 1976 - Spain's parliament, by a vote of 425 to 59, with 13 abstentions, approved a bill to establish a democracy after 37 years of dictatorship. Largely appointed Parliament left by Franco approved general elections for next year and voted itself out of existence. Stunning victory for Prime Minister Adolfo Suarez, the personal choice of King Juan Carlos and the leader in the slow dismantlement of the dictatorial institutions of Franco Spain.

January 19, 1977 - President Gerald R. Ford pardons "Tokyo Rose"; name eventually became synonymous with a Japanese-American woman named Iva Toguri (on the orders of the Japanese government - broadcast sentimental American music and phony announcements regarding U.S. troop losses in a vain attempt to destroy the morale of Allied soldiers); July 1941 - American citizen born in Los Angeles, graduated from UCLA, in Japan to care for elderly aunt who became ill, carried an identification card, but no passport; 1945 - captured, insisted that she was forced into her traitorous role by the Japanese government, swore that she had never broadcast false military reports, limited her shows to light musical fare, smuggled food and medicine to the Allied POWs; year’s imprisonment in Japan, released and returned to the United States, promptly re-arrested for treason; 1956 - released from prison for good behavior, immediately deported to Japan; 1977 - 60 Minutes broadcast revealed Toguri’s true story, highlighted her ongoing fight for justice.

Douglas Brinkley (2007). Gerald R. Ford. (New York, NY: Times Books. Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006; Presidents--United States--Biography; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977. Man of independent thought and conscience, who never allowed party loyalty to prevail over his sense of right and wrong. 

James M. Cannon (1994). Time and Chance: Gerald Ford's Appointment with History. (New York, NY: HarperCollins, 496 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913- ; Presidents -- United States -- Biography; United States -- Politics and government -- 1969-1974; United States -- Politics and government -- 1974-1977; Watergate Affair, 1972-1974.

John J. Casserly (1977). The Ford White House: The Diary of a Speechwriter. (Boulder, CO: Colorado Associated University Press, 374 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006; Casserly, Jack--Diaries; Speechwriters--United States--Diaries; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977.

Thomas M. DeFrank (2007). Write It When I’m Gone: Remarkable Off-the-Record Conversations with Gerald R. Ford. (New York, NY: Putnam, 272 p.). 32 years Covering the White House, Washington Bureau Chief of the New York Daily News. Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006; Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006 --Interviews; DeFrank, Thomas M.; Presidents--United States--Biography; Presidents--United States--Interviews; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977; United States--Politics and government--1977-1981; United States--Politics and government--1981-1989; United States--Politics and government--1989-. Picture of a decent Middle American thrust into the limelight of one of the worst periods in the country's history; greatest enmity for John Dean, who helped bring Nixon down. In Ford's view, he was "a self-seeking, ambitious smarty."

Gerald R. Ford (1979). A Time to Heal: The Autobiography of Gerald R. Ford. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 454 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; Presidents--United States--Biography.

--- (1987). Humor and the Presidency. (New York, NY: Arbor House, 162 p.). Former President of the United States. Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006 --Humor; Presidents--United States--Humor; Political satire, American.

Compiled by John Robert Greene (1994). Gerald R. Ford: A Bibliography. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 148 p.). Professor of History and Communication (Cazenovia College). Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006 --Bibliography. 

John Robert Greene (1995). The Presidency of Gerald R. Ford. (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 256 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977.

Yanek Mieczkowski (2005). Gerald Ford and the Challenges of the 1970s. (Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 455 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; Presidents--United States--Biography; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977; United States--Economic conditions--1971-1981; United States--Social conditions--1960-1980.

Clark R. Mollenhoff (1976). The Man Who Pardoned Nixon. (New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press, 312 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006; Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994 --Pardon.

Richard Reeves (1975). A Ford, not a Lincoln. (New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 212 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913.

Mark J. Rozell (1992). The Press and the Ford Presidency. (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 246 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; Press and politics--United States; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977.

Edward L. and Frederick H. Schapsmeier (1989). Gerald R. Ford’s Date with Destiny: A Political Biography. (New York, NY: P. Lang, 351 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006; Presidents--United States--Biography; United States--Politics and government--1969-1974; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977.

Barry Werth (2006). 31 Days: The Crisis That Gave Us the Government We Have Today. (New York, NY: Nan A. Talese/Doubleday, 416 p.). Ford, Gerald R., 1913- ; United States--Politics and government--1974-1977. 

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LINKS

GERALD R. FORD LIBRARY                  http://www.ford.utexas.edu

Presidency and Funeral of Gerald Ford http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6685289  Collection of audio news and analysis and related material about the presidency and funeral of Gerald Ford, who died in December 2006. The "Gerald Ford: The Accidental President" section includes a Ford timeline, descriptions of his appointment as vice president and his pardon of Richard Nixon, and audio clips of Ford speaking. From National Public Radio (NPR).


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