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GENERAL (U.S. Economic History)

Interesting Dates

June 27, 1884 - President Chester Arthur signed bill sponsored by Representative James Hopkins of Pennsylvania to establish a Bureau of Labor to collect information on the subject of working people and the "means of promoting their material, social, intellectual, and moral prosperity" (placed in the Department of the Interior); 1886 - Bureau of Labor Statistics (principal fact-finding agency for Federal Government in broad field of labor economics and statistics) published First Annual Report (496-page study of industrial depressions); March 21, 1888 - President Grover Cleveland signed bill making Department of Labor independent of the Department of Interior; 1913 - Bureau of Labor Statistics began calculating the Consumer Price Index (CPI) - measure of average change over time in prices paid by urban consumers for market basket of consumer goods and services (84,000 prices in about 200 categories measured in 2008); March 4, 1913 - William Howard Taft signed Public Law 426-62, created U. S. Department of Labor (included Bureau of Labor Statistics); July 1915 - BLS began publication of Monthly Labor Review.

CPI-U 1913-2004; Source: U.S. Department Of Labor

December 11, 1968 - The Labor Department announced that the nation's unemployment rate had dwindled to 3.3%, the lowest mark in 15 years.

April 2008 - The Boom That Wasn't - US wealthiest 5% of families paid, on average, more than 12 times as much as  poorest fifth in 2004-2006 (vs. nearly nine times as much in 1987-1989); richest fifth of families added more to their income in each year than poorest fifth did over entire period; richest 5% of families saw their incomes rise by 60 per cent, or $82,607, to $220,700 on average over period, wages rise by 36%, or $35,027, to $132,131; middle fifth saw $5,784 in extra income – a 13% rise to $50,434; poorest fifth saw a rise of $1,814, or 11%, to $18,116; 1998-2000 - income of poorest fifth fell by 2.5%, income of wealthiest fifth rose by 9.1%. (source: Economic Policy Institute and Center on Budget and Policy Priorities)

Job Growth: Change from previous quarter expressed as % (shading indicates national recession)

June 2008 - Consumer Confidence at 16 Year Low

July 19, 2008 - Economic Slowdown - Home Price Index, Percentage of People with Jobs (3-month moving average), Year-over-Year Change in Real Consumer Spending (3-month moving average) - 1988 - 2008 (recessions in brown).

(source: Standard & Poor's/Case-Shiller; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Bureau of Economic Analysis)

Brooks Adams with a new evaluation by Marquis W. Childs (1971). America's Economic Supremacy. (Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 194 p. [orig. pub. 1947]). History, Modern--19th century; Economic history--1750-1918; United States--Colonial question; United States--Economic conditions--1865-1918. 

Robert G. Albion and Others (1951). The Growth of the American Economy. (New York, NY: Prentice-Hall, 946 p. [2nd ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

Terry L. Anderson and Peter J. Hill (2004). The Not So Wild, Wild West: Property Rights on the Frontier. (Stanford, CA: Stanford Economics and Finance, 263 p.). Executive Director of PERC (Center for Free Market Environmentalism), Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution (Stanford University), Professor Emeritus (Montana State University); Professor of Economics (Wheaton College, IL). Right of property--West (U.S.)--History; Property--West (U.S.)--History; Public lands--West (U.S.)--History; Common good--History; West (U.S.)--Economic conditions; West (U.S.)--Economic policy.  

Ed. Ralph Andreano (1962). The Economic Impact of the American Civil War. (Cambridge, MA.: Schenkman Pub. Co., 203 p.). United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects.

John Ashworth (1995). Slavery, Capitalism, and Politics in the Antebellum Republic: Volume 1, Commerce and Compromise, 1820-1850. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 532 p.). Professor of American History (University of Nottingham). Slavery--Economic aspects--United States--History--19th century; Capitalism--United States--History--19th century; Working class--United States--History--19th century; United States--Politics and government--1815-1861; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865. 

Jeremy Atack, Peter Passell (1994). A New Economic View of American history: From Colonial Times to 1940. (New York, NY: Norton, 714 p. [2nd ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

Harold Barger (1955). Distribution's Place in the American Economy Since 1869. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 222 p.). United States -- Commerce -- History. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, New York.

James Anderson Barnes (1949). Wealth of the American People, A History of Their Economic Life. (New York, NY: Prentice-Hall, 910 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Robert L. Bartley (1992). The Seven Fat Years: And How To Do It Again. (New York, NY: Free Press, 351 p.). Editor (The Wall Street Journal). Supply-side economics--United States; United States--Economic policy--1981-1993; United States--Economic conditions--1981-2001. Defense of supply-side economics ("the new classical economics"), Reagan economic revolution of 1982-89: 1) tax cuts , 2) deregulation, 3) Federal Reserve's inflation-curbing money controls unleashed American enterprise, boosted national production 30% , 20% rise in per capita income; history of development of school of thought in 1970s.

Jared Bernstein (2008). Crunch: Why Do I Feel So Squeezed? (and Other Unsolved Economic Mysteries). (San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 225 p.). Senior Economist, Director of the Living Standards Program at the Economic Policy Institute (Washington, DC). Fiscal policy --United States; Cost and standard of living --United States; Income distribution --United States; Globalization; United States --Economic policy --2001-. Dark secret of economics laid bare = set of decisions (based on power, not computer modeling) about best way to organize society to produce, distribute resources and opportunities (not objective scientific discipline); economics can be used to create society with more equitable distribution of wealth, more secure social safety nets.

Peter L. Bernstein (2005). Wedding of the Waters: The Erie Canal and the Making of a Great Nation. (New York, NY: Norton, 448. p.). Economic Consultant. Erie Canal (N.Y.); United States--Economic conditions.

Arthur C. Bining [and] Thomas C. Cochran (1964). The Rise of American Economic Life. (New York, NY: Scribner, 781 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Ernest L. Bogart and Donald L. Kemmerer (1947). Economic History of the American People. (New York, NY: Longmans, Green, 856 p. [2nd ed.]). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Industries--History.

eds. Michael D. Bordo, Claudia Goldin, and Eugene N. White (1998). The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 474 p.). Depressions--1929--United States; United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

Clair Brown, John Haltiwanger, and Julia Lane (2006). Economic Turbulence: Is a Volatile Economy Good for America? (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 197 p.). Professor of Economics and Director of the Center for Work, Technology, and Society (University of California, Berkeley); Professor of Economics (University of Maryland); Senior Vice President, Director of the Economics, Labor, and Population Department at the National Opinion Research Center (University of Chicago). Business cycles--United States; Statics and dynamics (Social sciences). Cycle of fluctuation, impact of volatility on American workers and businesses.

W. Elliot Brownlee (1979). Dynamics of Ascent: A History of the American Economy. (New York, NY: Knopf, 534 p. [2nd ed.]). Economics; United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

W. Elliot Brownlee, Mary M. Brownlee (1976). Women in the American Economy: A Documentary History, 1675 to 1929. (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 350 p.). Women--Employment--United States--History.

Stuart W. Bruchey (1988). The Wealth of the Nation: An Economic History of the United States. (New York, NY: Harper Row, 259 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Anthony S. Campagna (1987). U. S. National Economic Policy, 1917-1985. (New York, NY: Praeger, 642 p.). Professor, Chairman of the Economics Department (University of Vermont). United States -- Economic policy. Various economic problems of past 70 years, what has been done to solve them.

Vincent P. Carosso and George H. Soule (1957). American Economic History. (New York, NY: Dryden Press, 654 p. [orig. pub. 1952]). United States--Economic conditions.

Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1990). Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 463 p.). Industrial management--United States--History; Industrial organization--United States--History; Corporations--United States--Case studies.

Derek F. Channon (1973). The Strategy and Structure of British Enterprise. (Boston, MA: Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, 257 p.). Industrial organization--Great Britain; Industrial management--Great Britain; Business enterprises--Great Britain.

Lester V. Chandler (1951). Inflation in the United States, 1940-1948. (New York, NY: Harper, 402 p.). Inflation (Finance)--United States.; World War, 1939-1945--Finance--United States.

eds. Thomas C. Cochran [and] Thomas B. Brewer (1966). Views of American Economic Growth: The Agricultural Era (Volume One).  (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill). United States--Economic conditions--Addresses, essays, lectures.  

eds. Thomas C. Cochran [and] Thomas B. Brewer (1966). Views of American Economic Growth: The Industrial Era (Volume Two).  (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.). United States--Economic conditions--Addresses, essays, lectures.  

Robert M. Collins (2000). More : The Politics of Economic Growth in Postwar America. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 299 p.). Wealth--United States--History--20th century; Liberalism--United States--History--20th century; National characteristics, American; United States--Economic policy; United States--Economic conditions--1945-. 

Katharine Coman (1969). Economic Beginnings of the Far West: How We Won the Land Beyond the Mississippi. (New York, NY: Kelley, 2 vols.). Fur trade--West (U.S.); West (U.S.)--Economic conditions; West (U.S.)--History. Contents: I. The spanish occupation. Exploration and the fur trade.--II. The advance of the settlers. The transcontinental migration. Free land and free labor.

Dora L. Costa (1998). The Evolution of Retirement: An American Economic History, 1880-1990. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 234 p.). Retirement--United States--History; Aged--United States--Economic conditions; Aged--United States--Social conditions; Aging--Government policy--United States; Social security--United States; Old age pensions--United States; United States--Economic policy; United States--Social policy.

Lance E. Davis (1972). American Economic Growth; An Economist's History of the United States. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 683 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Ed. Scott Derks (2004). The Value of a Dollar: Prices and Incomes in the United States, 1860-2004. (Millerton, NY: Grey House Pub., 664 p. [3rd ed.]). Marketing Director For South Carolina Department Of Commerce. Prices United States History; Wages United States History; Purchasing power United States History'; Cost and standard of living United States History. History of the American people through the prices they paid for a wide variety of products and services.

Eds. Scott Derks and Tony Smith (2005). The Value of a Dollar: Colonial Era to the Civil War, 1600-1865. (Millerton, NY: Grey House Pub., 436 p.). Marketing Director For South Carolina Department Of Commerce. Purchasing power--United States--History; Prices--United States--History; Wages--United States--History; Cost and standard of living--United States--History.

James L. Dietz (1986). Economic History of Puerto Rico: Institutional Change and Capitalist Development. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 337 p.). Investments--Puerto Rico--History; Capitalism--Puerto Rico--History; Puerto Rico--Economic conditions; Puerto Rico--Commerce--History; Puerto Rico--History.

Richard B. DuBoff (1989). Accumulation & Power: An Economic History of the United States. (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 223 p.). Saving and investment--United States--History; Capital investments--United States--History; Monopolies--United States--History; Competition--United States--History; Capitalism--United States--History.

Eds. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (1986). Long-Term Factors in American Economic Growth. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 884 p.). John H. Munro Professor of Economics and Professor of History (University of Rochester); Kenan Professor of Economics and History (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill). North America--Economic conditions; United States--Economic conditions.

--- (1996-2000). The Cambridge Economic History of the United States. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 3 vols.). United States--Economic conditions. Incomplete Contents: v. 1. The colonial era -- v. 2. The long nineteenth century -- v. 3. The twentieth century.

Harold U. Faulkner (1976). American Economic History. (New York, NY: Harper, 514 p. [9th ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

Joseph Finkelstein (1992). The American Economy from the Great Crash to the Third Industrial Revolution. (Arlington Heights, IL: Harlan Davidson, 277 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945; United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Economic policy.

Price Fishback ... [et al.] (2007). Government and the American Economy: A New History. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 500 p.). Frank and Clara Kramer Professor of Economics (University of Arizona). United States--Economic policy; United States--History. America’s democratic experiment allowed individuals and interest groups to shape structure, policies of government, which, in turn, have fostered economic success,  innovation by emphasizing private property rights, rule of law,  protections of individual freedom. 

Robert William Fogel (1964). Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press, 296 p.). Charles R. Walgreen Professor of American Institutions, Director for the Center for Population Economics (University of Chicago) and Winner - Nobel Prize for Economics in 1993. Railroads--United States--History; United States--Economic conditions.

Robert William Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman (1974). Time on the Cross; The Economics of American Negro Slavery. (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 286 p.). Charles R. Walgreen Professor of American Institutions, Director for the Center for Population Economics (University of Chicago) and Winner - Nobel Prize for Economics in 1993; Professor of Economics and History (University of Rochester). Slavery--Economic aspects--United States; Slavery--United States--Econometric models. Winner of Bancroft Prize. Sweeping reexamination of economic foundations of American Negro slavery - entirely new portrayal of slavery's past. 

Paul W. Gates (1989). The Farmer's Age: Agriculture, 1815-1860. (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 460 p. [orig. pub. 1960]). Agriculture--Economic aspects--United States--History--19th century; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

Paul W. Gates (1965). Agriculture and the Civil War. (New York, NY: Knopf, 383 p.). Agriculture--Economic aspects--United States; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects.

Eugene D. Genovese, with a new introduction (1989). The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy & Society of the Slave South. (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 335 p. [2nd ed.]). Distinguished Professor of Arts and Sciences in the College of Arts and Sciences (University of Rochester). Slavery--Economic aspects--United States; Slavery--Economic aspects--Southern States; United States--Economic conditions; Southern States--Economic conditions.

Claudia D. Goldin (1990). Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 287 p.). Women--Employment--United States--History; Sex discrimination in employment--United States--History.

Colin Gordon (1994). New Deals: Business, Labor, and Politics in America, 1920-1935. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 329 p.). New Deal, 1933-1939; Labor policy--United States--History--20th century; United States--Economic policy--To 1933; United States--Economic policy--1933-1945; United States--Politics and government--1933-1945.

John Steele Gordon (2004). An Empire of Wealth: The Epic History of America's Economic Power. (New York, NY: HarperCollins, 480 p.). Columnist, American Heritage Magazine. Economic conditions -- U. S.; Economic history--U. S.  

James Grant (1996). The Trouble with Prosperity : The Loss of Fear, the Rise of Speculation, and the Risk to American Savings. (New York, NY: Times Books, 348 p.). Business cycles--United States--History--20th century; United States--Economic conditions.

Norman S.B. Gras (1967). Business History of the United States about 1650 to 1950's. (Ann Arbor, MI: Lithographed by Edwards Bros.; distributed by the Lincoln Educational Foundation, New York, 470 p.). Professor of Business History (Harvard Business School). United States--Commerce--History. Condensed from his unpublished three-volume manuscript by Ethel C. Gras.

William Greenleaf (1968). American Economic Development Since 1860. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 391 p.). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy; United States--History--1865---Sources.

Ernie Gross (2002). Advances and Innovations in American Daily Life, 1600s-1930s. (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 298 p.). Technological innovations--United States--History; United States--Social life and customs. 

Louis M. Hacker (1961). Major Documents in American Economic History. (Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 2 vols.). United States--Economic conditions.  v. 2. The problems of a world power (the 20th century).

Louis M. Hacker (1961). Major Documents in American Economic History, Vol.2: the Problems of a World Power, the 20th Century. (Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 2 vols.). United States--Economic conditions. v. 1. From an agrarian to an industrial economy (1785-1900).

Oscar and Mary F. Handlin (1975). The Wealth of the American People: A History of American Affluence. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 266 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Robert L. Heilbroner, Aaron Singer (1999). The Economic Transformation of America: 1600 to the Present. (Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 390 p. [4th ed.]). Industrialization--United States--History; United States--Economic conditions. Development of capitalism, age of machines through voices of business leaders, working people, inventors, unusual cast of presidents, generals, patriots. 

R. Rudy Higgens-Evenson (2003). The Price of Progress: Public Services, Taxation, and the American Corporate State, 1877 to 1929. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 168 p.). Government spending policy--United States--States; Taxation--United States--History--States; Corporate state--United States--History; United States--Politics and government; United States--Economic conditions.  

Charles Hoffmann (1970). The Depression of the Nineties; An Economic History. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Pub. Corp., 326 p.). Depressions--1893; United States--Economic conditions--1865-1918.

Richard Holt (1995). The Reluctant Superpower: A History of America’s Global Economic Reach. (New York, NY: Kodansha International, 320 p.). Free enterprise--United States--History; Keynesian economics--History; United States--Foreign economic relations--History; United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

Daniel Walker Howe (2007). What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 904 p.). Rhodes Professor of American History Emeritus (Oxford University), Professor of History Emeritus (University of California, Los Angeles). Social change--United States--History--19th century; United States--History--1815-1861; United States--Foreign relations--1815-1861; United States--Politics and government--1815-1861; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865. End of the War of 1812 (1815) to the end of the Mexican American War (1848) - political, military events with social, economic, cultural history: 1) revolutionary improvements in transportation, communications that 2) accelerated extension of American empire; 3) railroads, canals, newspapers, telegraph dramatically lowered travel times, spurred spread of information; 4) prompted emergence of mass political parties, stimulated America's economic development from  overwhelmingly rural country to diversified economy in which commerce, industry took their place alongside agriculture; 5) rise of Andrew Jackson and his Democratic party; 6) power of religion to shape many aspects of American life (slavery, antislavery, women's rights , other reform movements, politics, education, literature; 7) bitterly controversial, brilliantly executed war against Mexico to gain California, Texas for the United States.

James Hudnut-Beumler (2007). In Pursuit of the Almighty’s Dollar: A History of Money and American Protestantism. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 288 p.). Dean of Vanderbilt Divinity School. Economics--Religious aspects--Christianity; Money--Religious aspects--Christianity; Protestantism--United States--History; Protestant churches--United States--History; Protestant churches--Doctrines--History; Stewardship, Christian; Money--United States--History; United States--Church history. Economics of American Protestantism; how economic pressures have helped shape what it means to be faithful.

Thomas P. Hughes (1989). American Genesis: A Century of Invention and Technological Enthusiasm, 1870-1970. (New York, NY: Viking, 529 p.). Technology--United States--History.

Jonathan Hughes, Louis P. Cain (2003). American Economic History. (Boston, MA: Addison Wesley, 666 p. [6th ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

James L. Huston (2003). Calculating the Value of the Union: Slavery, Property Rights, and the Economic Origins of the Civil War. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 394 p.). Professor of history (Oklahoma State University). Slavery--Economic aspects--United States--History; Right of property--United States--History; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Causes; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Economic aspects. Property rights, as they pertained to slavery, was at center of Civil War.

ed. Jerry Jasinowski (1998). The Rising Tide: The Leading Minds of Business and Economics Chart a Course Toward Higher Growth and Prosperity. (New York, NY: Wiley, 274 p.). Economic development; Competition, International; United States--Economic policy--1993-.

Walter W. Jennings (1928). Introduction to American Economic History. (New York, NY: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 546 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Edgar Augustus Jerome Johnson (1961). American Economic Thought in the Seventeenth Century. (New York, NY: Russell & Russell, 292 p. [orig. pub. 1932]). Economics--United States--History.

--- (1973). The Foundations of American Economic Freedom; Government and Enterprise in the Age of Washington. (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 335 p.). Industrial policy--United States--History; Free enterprise; United States--Economic policy.

Robert E. Kelly; foreword by Nelson Benton (2008). The National Debt of the United States, 1941 to 2008. (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 393 p.). Debts, Public --United States; Budget deficits --United States; Government spending policy --United States. Administrations of 12 presidents (Roosevelt through George W. Bush), annual budget deficits, interest expenses that fed national debt are examined in detail; what areas of government incurred overspending, how much was overspent.

Edward C. Kirkland (1961). Industry Comes of Age: Business, Labor, and Public Policy, 1860-1897. (New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 445 p.). United States--Economic conditions. Series: The Economic history of the United States.

--- (1969). A History of American Economic Life. (New York, NY: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 623 p. [4th ed.]). Business Historian. United States--Economic conditions.

Anne Kelly Knowles (1997). Calvinists Incorporated: Welsh Immigrants on Ohio’s Industrial Frontier. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 330 p.). Lecturer in Geography at the Institute of Earth Studies (University of Wales, Aberystwyth). Welsh Americans--Ohio--Ethnic identity--Case studies; Calvinists--Ohio--Case studies; Industrialization--Ohio--Jackson County--History--19th century; Industrialization--Ohio--Gallia County--History--19th century; Capitalism--Ohio--Jackson County--History--19th century; Capitalism--Ohio--Gallia County--History--19th century; Ohio--Historical geography--Case studies; Jackson County (Ohio)--Economic conditions; Gallia County (Ohio)--Economic conditions; Cardiganshire (Wales)--Emigration and immigration--History--19th century. Rural capitalist transformation, immigrants became involved with industrialization of region as workers, investors in Welsh-owned charcoal iron companies; how these strict Calvinists responded to moral dilemmas posed by leaving native land, experiencing economic success in United States. 

George Kozmetsky and Piyu Yue (2005). The Economic Transformation of the United States, 1950-2000: Focusing on the Technological Revolution, the Service Sector Expansion, and the Cultural, Ideological, and Demographic Changes. (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 493 p.). United States--Economic conditions--20th century; United States--Economic conditions--20th century--Statistics.

Herman E. Krooss (1970). Executive Opinion; What Business Leaders Said and Thought on Economic Issues, 1920s-1960s. (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 438 p.). Businesspeople--United States; Executives--United States.

--- (1974). American Economic Development; The Progress of a Business Civilization. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 564 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Stanley Lebergott (1964). Manpower in Economic Growth; The American Record Since 1800. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 561 p.). Manpower--United States--History; Labor economics. Labor force (people) at center of economic history; demand, supply of labor is central focus; fundamental data (estimates of labor force, industrial composition, unemployment, real wages, self-employment) relied on by economic historians since published.

Harold C. Livesay (1979). American Made: Men Who Shaped the American Economy. (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 310 p.). Businessmen -- United States -- Biography.

Jeffrey Madrick (1997). The End of Affluence: The Causes and Consequences of America's Economic Dilemma. (New York, NY: Random House, 223 p.). Former Economics Reporter (NBC). United States--Economic conditions--1971-1981; United States--Economic conditions--1981-. 

ed. Deidre N. McCloskey (1993). Second Thoughts: Myths and Morals of U.S. Economic History. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 208 p.). Academic. United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

Robert A. McGuire (2003). To Form a More Perfect Union: A New Economic Interpretation of the United States Constitution. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 395 p.). United States. Constitutional Convention (1787); United States. Constitution--Economic aspects; Constitutional history--United States; Constitutional law--Economic aspects--United States; Economic liberties (U.S. Constitution); United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

Richard B. McKenzie (1994). What Went Right in the 1980s. (San Francisco, CA: Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy, 397 p.). Professor, Economics and Walter B. Gerken Chair of Enterprise & Society (University of California, Irvine). Economic indicators--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1981-2001. 1980s weren't decade of greed: charitable giving rose dramatically, employment spiraled upward; design is to balance conventional (contrasting) wisdom.

David R. Meyer (2003). The Roots of American Industrialization. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 333 p.). Professor of Sociology and Urban Studies (Brown University). Industrialization--United States--History--19th century.; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865. How eastern United States made successful transformation from agricultural to  industrial economy - 1) 1790 - 1820; 2) 1820 - 1860; agriculture and industry were mutually reinforcing.

Broadus Mitchell (1947). Depression Decade; From New Era Through New Deal, 1929-1941. (New York, NY: Rinehart, 462 p.). Depressions--1929--United States; New Deal, 1933-1939; United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945.

Marina Moskowitz (2004). Standard of Living: The Measure of the Middle Class in Modern America. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 300 p.). Lecturer in History, Director of the Andrew Hook Centre for American Studies (University of Glasgow). Middle class--United States--History; Cost and standard of living--United States--History. 

David C. Mowery, Nathan Rosenberg (1998). Paths of Innovation: Technological Change in 20th Century America. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 214 p.). Technology--United States--History--20th century; Internal combustion engines--United States--History--20th century; Electric engineering--United States--History--20th century; Chemical engineering--United States--History--20th century.

ed. David C. Mowery (1999). U.S. Industry in 2000: Studies in Competitive Performance. (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 411 p.). Industries--United States--Forecasting--Congresses; Economic forecasting--United States--Congresses; United States--Economic conditions--1981---Congresses. 

Allan Nevins (1927). The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 446 p.). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Social conditions; United States--Civilization.

Albert W. Niemi, Jr. (1975). U.S. Economic History: A Survey of the Major Issues. (Chicago, IL: Rand McNally College Pub. Co.,, 361 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Joao F. Normano (1943). The Spirit of American Economics; A Study in the History of Economic Ideas in the United States Prior to the Great Depression. (New York, NY: John Day Company, 252 p.). Economics--United States--History; Economics--Canada--History.

Douglass C. North and Lance E. Davis (1971). Institutional Change and American Economic Growth. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 282 p.). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic conditions--Mathematical models.

Bernard D. Nossiter (1990). Fat Years and Lean: The American Economy Since Roosevelt. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 271 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945; United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Economic policy.

Randall E. Parker (2007). The Economics of the Great Depression: A Twenty-First Century Look Back at the Economics of the Interwar Era. (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 257 p.). Professor of Economics (East Carolina University). Depressions--1929--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945. Evolution, current state of economic literature on  Great Depression: status of remaining debates, what economists do, do not know about economics of interwar era, new directions economic research is taking to better understand.

ed. Edwin J. Perkins (1977). Men and Organizations: The American Economy in the Twentieth Century. (New York, NY: Putnam, 201 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Edwin J. Perkins (1988). The Economy of Colonial America. (New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 251 p. [2nd ed.]). United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

Edwin J. Perkins and Gary M. Walton (1985). A Prosperous People: The Growth of the American Economy. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 240 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

ed. George L. Perry, James Tobin (2000). Economic Events, Ideas, and Policies: The 1960s and After. (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 365 p.). United States--Economic policy--1961-1971; United States--Economic policy; Money--Europe--History--20th century; United States--Economic conditions--1961-1971; United States--Economic conditions.

ed. Glenn Porter (1980). Encyclopedia of American Economic History: Studies of the Principal Movements and Ideas. (New York, NY: Scribner, 3 vols.; 1,286 p.). United States--Economic conditions. Contents: Chandler, A. D. Rise and evolution of big business; Vernon, R. and Wortzel, H. Multinational enterprise; Tedlow, R. S. Advertising and public relations; Baughman, J. P. Management.

Barry W. Poulson (1981). Economic History of the United States. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 672 p.). Professor of Economics (University of Colorado). United States--Economic conditions.

Roger L. Ransom, Richard Sutch (2001). One Kind of Freedom: The Economic Consequences of Emancipation. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 458 p. [2nd ed.]). Professor of History and Economics (University of California, Riverside); Distinguished Professor of Economics (University of California, Riverside). Afro-Americans--Southern States--Economic conditions; Southern States--Economic conditions; Southern States--History--1865-1951. Single best introduction to the economy of early post-emancipation, post-bellum, economy of the South; economic institutions that replaced slavery, conditions under which ex-slaves were allowed to enter economic life of  United States following the Civil War.

Sidney Ratner, James H. Soltow, Richard Sylla (1993). The Evolution of the American Economy: Growth, Welfare, and Decision Making. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 599 p.). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

Heather Cox Richardson (1997). The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies During the Civil War. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 342 p.). Associate Professor, Department of History (University of Massachusetts). Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )--History; United States--Economic policy--To 1933; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865.

Hugh Rockoff (1984). Drastic Measures: A History of Wage and Price Controls in the United States. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 289 p.). Wage-price policy--United States--History.

Nathan Rosenberg (1972). Technology and American Economic Growth. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 211 p.). Technological innovations--United States--History.

Nathan Rosenberg & L.E. Birdzell, Jr. (1986). How the West Grew Rich: The Economic Transformation of the Industrial World. (New York, NY: Basic Books, 353 p.). Capitalism--History; Economic history; Europe--Economic conditions; United States--Economic conditions.

Samuel Rosenberg (2003). American Economic Development Since 1945: Growth, Decline, and Rejuvenation. (New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 339 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Economic policy.

Todd Sandler and Keith Hartley (1995). The Economics of Defense. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 387 p.). Robert R. and Katheryn A. Dockson Chair of International Relations and Economics (University of Southern California); Professor of Economics and Director, Centre for Defence Economics (University of York, UK). Economic conversion--United States; United States--Defenses--Economic aspects; United States--Military policy. Economic analysis of defense and peace issues.

Steven A. Sass (1986). Entrepreneurial Historians and History: Leadership and Rationality in American Economic Historiography, 1940-1960. (New York, NY: Garland, 301 p.). Economic history--Research--United States; United States--Economic conditions--Historiography. Series: American business history.

eds. Bruce R. Scott and George C. Lodge (1985). U.S. Competitiveness in the World Economy. (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 543 p.). Competition, International; United States--Foreign economic relations.

Ronald E. Seavoy (2006). An Economic History of the United States: From 1607 to the Present. (New York, NY: Routledge, 368 p.). United States--Economic conditions. 1607 to the modern age, documented history of how the American economy has propelled the nation into a position of world leadership.

Tom Shachtman (1997). Around the Block: The Business of a Neighborhood. (New York, NY: Harcourt Brace, 325 p.). Small business--Social aspects--New York (State)--New York--Case studies; Neighborhood--New York (State)--New York--Case studies; Chelsea (Manhattan, New York, N.Y.).

George Shea and edited by Alfred L. Malabre, Jr. (1968). Forty Years on Wall Street; Appraisals of the Economic Scene. (Princeton, NJ: Dow Jones, 254 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

"Adam Smith" (1990). The Roaring 80's. (New York, NY: Penguin, 303 p. (orig. pub. 19880). Economic history--1971-1990; United States--Economic conditions--1981-.

Page Smith (1990). The Rise of Industrial America: A People's History of the Post-Reconstruction Era. (New York, NY: Penguin, 965 p. [orig. pub. 1984]). United States--History--1865-1898.

Walter Buckingham Smith and Arthur Harrison Cole (1969). Fluctuations in American Business, 1790-1860. (New York, NY: Russell & Russell, 195 p. [orig. pub. 1935]). Prices--United States--History; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

Robert L. Smitley (1933). Popular Financial Delusions. (Philadelphia, PA: Ronald Swain Co., 338 p.). Economics--Miscellanea; Finance--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945.

Robert Sobel (2000). The Great Boom, 1950-2000: How a Generation of Americans Created the World's Most Prosperous Society. (New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 450 p.). Professor (Hofstra University). Veterans--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Social conditions--1945-.

Steve Solomon (1986). Small Business USA: The Role of Small Companies in Sparking America's Economic Transformation. (New York, NY: Crown, 358 p.). Small business--United States.

George Henry Soule (1947). Prosperity Decade; From War to Depression: 1917-1929. (New York, NY: Rinehart, 365 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945.

--- (1952). Economic Forces in American History. (New York, NY: Sloane, 568 p.). United States--Economic conditions.

Herbert Stein (1986). Washington Bedtime Stories : The Politics of Money and Jobs. (New York, NY: Free Press, 381 p.). U.S. Economic Policy, 1981-1993, 1993-; Finance-Public.

--- (1994). Presidential Economics: The Making of Economic Policy from Roosevelt to Clinton. (Washington, DC: AEI Press (American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research), 3 rd ed., 495 p.). Economic Policy, U.S. Government 1933-1945, 1945-1989, 1989-, Presidents-History 20th Century.

Herbert Stein & Murray Foss (1995). The New Illustrated Guide to the American Economy. (Washington, DC: AEI Press, Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute, 273 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1981-.

Joseph E. Stiglitz (2003). The Roaring Nineties: A New History of the World's Most Prosperous Decade. (New York, NY: Norton, 256 p.). 2001 Nobel Prize Winner (Economics), Chairman of Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers, Chief Economist (World Bank). Enron Corp.--Accounting; Globalization; United States--Economic conditions--1981-2001; United States--Economic policy--1993-2001. 

George Rogers Taylor (1989). The Transportation Revolution 1815-1860. (Armonk. NY: M.E. Sharpe, 490 p. [orig. pub. 1951]). Transportation--United States--History--19th century; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

Andrew Tobias (1980). Getting by on $100,000 a Year, and Other Sad Tales. (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 264 p.). Finance, Personal; Business; United States--Economic conditions--1971-1981.

Charles Manfred Thompson and Fred Mitchell Jones (1939). Economic Development of the United States: A First Course. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 794 p.). United States--Economic conditions; United States--Economic policy.

Alvin Toffler and Heidi Toffler (2006). Revolutionary Wealth. (New York, NY: Knopf, 492 p.). Economic forecasting; Wealth; Social change; Social prediction; Economic history--1945- ; Social history--1945- ; Civilization, Modern--1950-Twenty-first century--Forecasts. How tomorrow’s wealth will be created, who will get it,  how; not just about money, cannot be understood in terms of industrial-age economics. 

Lynn Turgeon (1996). Bastard Keynesianism: The Evolution of Economic Thinking and Policymaking Since World War II. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 156 p.). Keynesian economics; United States--Economic policy; United States--Economic conditions--1945-. 

Thurman W. Van Metre (1921). Economic History of the United States. (New York, NY: Holt, 672 p.). United States--Economic policy; United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945.

Harold G. Vatter (1963). The U.S. Economy in the 1950's; An Economic History. (New York, NY: Norton, 308 p.). American Economic History and the History of Economic Thought (Portland State University). United States--Economic conditions--1945-.  

--- (1975). The Drive to Industrial Maturity: The U. S. Economy, 1860-1914. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 368 p.). American Economic History and the History of Economic Thought (Portland State University).  Industries--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1865-1918; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865.

 --- 1985). The U.S. Economy in World War II. (New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 198 p.). American Economic History and the History of Economic Thought (Portland State University). United States--Economic conditions--1918-1945; United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Economic policy--1933-1945; United States--Economic policy--1945-1960.

eds. Harold G. Vatter and John F. Walker (1996). History of the U.S. Economy Since World War II. (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 499 p.). United States--Economic conditions--1945- ; United States--Economic policy.

Gary M. Walton and Hugh Rockoff (2004). History of the American Economy. (Fort Worth, TX: Dryden Press, 640 p. [10th ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

Wyatt C. Wells (2003). American Capitalism, 1945-2000: Continuity and Change from Mass Production to the Information Society. (Chicago, IL: Ivan R. Dee, 224 p.). Distinguished Research Associate Professor of History (Auburn University, Montgomery). United States--Economic conditions--1945-; United States--Economic policy.  

Chester W. Wright (1949). Economic History of the United States. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 941 p. [2nd ed.]). United States--Economic conditions.

Gavin Wright (1978). The Political Economy of the Cotton South: Households, Markets, and Wealth in the Nineteenth Century. (New York, NY: Norton, 205 p.). Cotton trade--Southern States--History; Southern States--Economic conditions.

--- (1996). Old South, New South: Revolutions in the Southern Economy since the Civil War. (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 321 p.). Industries--Southern States--History; Southern States--Economic conditions. 

Gavin Wright (2006). Slavery and American Economic Development. (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 162 p.). William Robertson Coe Professor in American Economic History (Stanford University). Slavery--Economic aspects--United States; Right of property--United States--History.; United States--Economic conditions--To 1865. Slavery as set of property rights which vested slave's human capital in  slave owner rather than slave. Property rights, not personhood, defined system; rejection of former in favor of latter ultimately distinguished North from South with respect to labor. 

Robert E. Wright (2008). One Nation Under Debt: Hamilton, Jefferson, and the History of What We Owe. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 419 p.). Teaches Financial History at Stern School of Business (New York University), Curator for the Museum of American Finance. Debts, Public -- United States; Budget deficits -- United States; Government spending policy -- United States. America's first national debt arose from immense sums needed to conduct American Revolution; key events that shaped U.S. financial system; how actions of forefathers laid groundwork for today's debt; how political leaders accumulated massive new debts to ensure popularity; critical evolutionary developments  how, by end of Andrew Jackson's administration, America's financial system contributed to national growth while new national, state debts amassed, sealed fate for future generations.

Thomas W. Zeiler (1992). American Trade and Power in the 1960’s. (New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 371 p.). United States--Commercial policy--History--20th century; United States--Commerce--History--20th century; United States--Economic conditions--1961-1971.

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U. S. Economy at a Glance                                    http://stats.bls.gov/eag/                                                                           Six months of key economic data displayed in an easy-to-use format, including unemployment rate, average hourly earnings, consumer price index, producer price index, U.S. import price index, and productivity. Provides economic data charts for each state as well as links to Bureau of Labor Statistics reports. Subjects: United States -- Economic conditions...

What Was the GDP Then?                          http://www.eh.net/hmit/gdp/                                                                Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a given time period. There are two ways to measure GDP: 1) Nominal GDP is the dollar value of production at current-year prices. For example, nominal GDP in 1990, $5,803 billion, is calculated using year 1990 prices for goods and services; 2) Real GDP is the dollar value of production using a given base year prices. For example, real GDP in 1990, $7,112 billion in year 2000 dollars, is calculated using 2000 prices for goods and services. Five values can be determined for any year, or range of years, between 1790 and 2005: Nominal GDP, Real GDP, GDP Deflator, Population Nominal GDP per capita, Real GDP per capita.


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