December 31, 1600 - Queen Elizabeth I of England granted  formal charter to London merchants trading to East Indies, hoped to break Dutch monopoly of spice trade in what is now Indonesia; 1813 - parliamentary acts ended East India Company's trade monopoly; 1834 - transformed into a managing agency for British government of India; 1873 - East India Company dissolved as British government assumed direct control over India.

March 20, 1602 - The Dutch government founded Dutch East India Company.

June 3, 1621 - The Dutch West India Company received  charter for New Netherlands, present-day New York City.

January 22, 1895 - Unilever registered "Lifebuoy" soap trademark.

1902 - Henry S. Bryan, Hermon W. Cable, John Dwan, William A. McGonagle, Dr. J. Danley Budd founded Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. in Two Harbors, MN to mine what they thought was corundum (a mineral)  ideal for making sandpaper and grinding wheels.

March 1918 - Konosuke Matsushita established Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works; rented two-story home, company on first floor; expanded production to include innovative attachment plug, two-way socket (designed himself); developed reputation for high quality at low prices; 1922 - built new factory, office to house growing business; 1931 - began printing English instructions for products; 1932 - set up Export Trading Department to conduct research, market development for international sales; August 1935 - incorporated Export Trading Department as Matsushita Electric Trading Company; December 1935 - incorporated the company (had been sole proprietorship), renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Company; divisions reorganized as nine subsidiaries, four associated companies, with Matsushita Electric functioning as a holding company; WW II - lost 32 factories, office facilities in Japan (mainly Tokyo, Osaka); 39 overseas factories, sales outlets confiscated; 1952 - made technical, capital cooperation agreement with Philips (Netherlands), set up Matsushita Electronics Corporation as joint venture; 1955 - created Panasonic name ("pan" meaning "all" combined with "sonic" meaning "sound") for brand for audio speakers; February 5, 1957 - registered Panasonic trademark; 1959 - established Matsushita Electric Corporation of America in New York as first post-war overseas sales company; 1962 - established National Panasonic G.m.b.H. in West Germany as first European sales company; April 1965 - Japan's first major manufacturer to introduce five-day work week; March 22, 1974 - acquired Motorola's TV operations in the U.S.A. and Canada; April 1988 - Matsushita Electric Industrial merged with Matsushita Electric Trading Co.; November 1990 - acquired MCA Inc.; June 1995 - transferred 80% share of equity interest in MCA Inc. to Seagram Company Ltd., Canadian liquor manufacturer; October 1, 2008 - renamed Panasonic Corporation.

1920 - Hernand and Lt. Col. Louis Richard Sosthenes Behn, former sugar brokers in Puerto Rico,  founded International Telephone and Telegraph Company (ITT) to create world's first system of interconnected phone lines; started with South Puerto Rico Telephone Company (owned since 1905) and Cuban Telephone Company (owned since 1916); July 31, 1924 - won Spanish telephone service contract, Compania Telefonica Nacional de Espana SA (CTNE) established; September 30, 1925 - acquired International Western Electric for $30 million (AT&T's European-based manufacturer of telephonic equipment); renamed it International Standard Electric Corp.; October 13, 1928 - international telephone service between Spain and United States officially inaugurated; 1928 - added two cable companies (All-American Cables, Inc., Commercial Cable Co.), telegraph company (Postal Telegraph and Cable Corp.), radio company (Mackay Radio and Telegraph Co.); entered five markets in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay); 1929 - acquired U. S. & Haiti Cable Co., opened line between New York and West Indies; 1933 - Sosthenes took sole control after his brother's death; 1959 - Harold Sydney Geneen took over as head of ITT (acquired 350 companies by 1979); 1978 - Rand Vincent Araskog replaced Geneen; 1995 - split into three companies: ITT corp. (hotel, gaming); ITT Hartford (stand-alone insurance business), ITT Industries (defense, electronics, auto parts).

1928 - Yoshisuke Ayukawa established Nissan Holding Company, one of Japan's largest prewar conglomerates; 1945 - Japan's largest corporate group, seventy-four firms in metals, machinery, chemicals (Hitachi, Nippon Mining, Nissan Motor, Nissan Chemical).

September 2, 1929 - Unilever formed by merger of Margarine Union (founded in 1927 in England and in the Netherlands by Jurgens family and the Van den Bergh family to sell newly invented substitute for butter) and Lever Bros.; name changed to Unilever Limited and Unilever NV.

March 1, 1938 - Byung-Chull Lee started business in Taegu, Korea with 30,000 won; primarily in trade export, selling dried Korean fish, vegetables, and fruit to Manchuria and Beijing; January 1951 - SAMSUNG ("three stars" in Korean: 1) To Serve the nation throughout business, 2) To Put the Human Resource over the material resources, 3) Efficient Management Activity) Moolsan established; January 1969 - SAMSUNG Electronics Manufacturing incorporated. February 1984 - Renamed SAMSUNG Electronics (2005 - world's largest, most profitable consumer electronics company, 123,000 employees).

June 1, 1947 - Corning Glass Works announced development of photosensitive glass (first made in November 1937); glass was crystal clear, but exposure to ultraviolet light followed by heat treatment formed submicroscopic metal particles, created image within the glass; believed to be the most durable form of photographic medium (as permanent as glass itself).

December 16, 1954 - GE Super Pressure Project research team created first diamonds, began GE's man-made industrial diamond business; February 15, 1955 - General Electric Company announced successful synthesis of 1/16" diamonds using first process that was reproducible (manufactured diamonds used as abrasives in masonry saws, mining drill bits, polishing machinery, cutting tools).

1956 - Lever Brothers introduced "Wisk", America's first liquid detergent.

February 11, 1957 - General Electric Company announced that Robert H. Wentorf, Jr., a physical chemist for the company, had made a synthetic crystal material hard enough to scratch diamonds; 1969 - trademarked the name Borazon; used for abrasive tools for such industries as metalworking, stone, and mining.

1958 - Dhirubhai H. Ambani founded Reliance Commercial Corporation, a commodity trading and export firm with investment of about $375; imported, exported nylon, rayon, and polyester; 1966 - opened first textile mill, launched Vimal fabric brand; 1977 - Reliance Textile Industries IPO - 2.8 million shares, raised $1.8 million; pioneer financing channels in India, circumvented traditional reliance on state for capital investment; 1986 - built first plant for production of purified terephtalic acid; 1991 - new subsidiary, Reliance Refineries Private Ltd. (Reliance Petroleum Limited); 2006 - borken into two roughly equal components: 1) petroleum, petrochemical, textiles operations; 2) telecommunications, energy, capital finance, other operations; India's largest private sector enterprise, businesses in energy, materials value chain; annual revenues exceed of $22 billion; Reliance Industries Limited is Fortune Global 500 company, largest private sector company in India.

1967 - Kim Woo Choong borrowed $10,000 to establish Daewoo Industrial Co., Ltd., a textiles trading business; 1976 - South Korean government introduced state-led economic policies, Kim asked to take over a debt-ridden heavy industry company; 1977 - company making a profit; 1978 - took over  shipyard company; 1983 - took over home appliance business; 1988 - 320,000 employees worldwide and $44 billion in assets, ranked 18th on Fortune magazine's Global 500 List of the world's largest corporations; 1998 - Kim Woo Choong, founder and chairman of the Daewoo Group, among the four largest conglomerates in South Korea; once produced 10% of South Korea's gross domestic product; accused of: asset-swapping between Daewoo entities to create fictitious profits; cover-ups of failed ventures; and a London-based slush fund that diverted money from Daewoo's trading arm, Daewoo Corp.; November 2000 - Daewoo Motors filed for bankruptcy - Kim faced criminal and civil fraud charges related to the bankruptcy, fled the country.

September 19, 1985 - Allied Corporation merged with Signal Companies; company named Allied-Signal; 1993 - renamed AlliedSignal.

August 1, 1995 - Westinghouse Electric Corporation acquired CBS for $5.4 billion; moved from primarily power company to media power.

July 3, 2001 - General Electric's $41 billion purchase of Honeywell International vetoed by the European Union.

(Allied-Signal Inc.), James D. Best (1997). The Digital Organization: AlliedSignal's Success with Business Technology. (New York, NY: Wiley, 234 p.). Former Vice President of AlliedSignal's Computing and Network Operations. Allied-Signal Inc.--Management; High technology industries--United States--Management--Case studies; International business enterprises--United States--Management--Case studies; Management information systems--Case studies.

(Amfac), Frederick Simpich, Jr. (1974). Dynasty in the Pacific. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 270 p.). Amfac, inc.

(Berkshire Hathaway), Janet Lowe (2000). Damn Right!: Behind the Scenes with Berkshire Hathaway Billionaire Charlie Munger (New York, NY: Wiley, 294 p.). Journalist. Munger, Charles T., 1924- ; Berkshire Hathaway Inc.--History; Capitalists and financiers--United States--Biography.

(C. K. Birla Group - founded 1857), P. Chentsal Rao; foreword by L.K. Jha (1983). B.M. Birla: His Deeds & Dreams. (New Delhi, India: Arnold Heinemann, 152 p.). Birla, B. M. (Braj Mohan), 1905-1982; Industrialists--India--Biography.

(C. K. Birla Group - founded 1857), D.K. Taknet (1996). B.M. Birla: A Great Visionary. (New Delhi, India: Indus., 188 p.). Birla, B. M. (Braj Mohan), 1905-1982; Industrialists--India--Biography. With annual sales of A$3 billion = one of the top 3 Indian business houses.

(Borneo Company Limited), Henry Longhurst (1956). The Borneo Story; The History of the First 100 Years of Trading in the Far East by the Borneo Company Limited. (London, UK: Newman Neame, 120 p.). Borneo Company Limited; Sarawak--Commerce; Southeast Asia--Commerce.

(House of Chettinad), K. Nagarajan (1989). Dr. Rajah Sir Muthiah Chettiar: A Biography. (Annamalainagar, India: Annamalai University, 311 p.). Muthiah Chettiar, Sir, 1905- ; Businesspeople--India--Biography; Philanthropists--India--Biography; Educators--India--Biography.

(Organización Cisneros), Pablo Bachelet; foreword byCarlos Fuentes; translated by Edith Grossman (2004). Gustavo Cisneros: Pioneer. (Barcelona, Spain: Planeta, 311 p.). Cisneros, Gustavo; Organización Cisneros--History; Businessmen--Venezuela--Biography. 

(Corning), Davis Dyer, Daniel Gross (2001). The Generations of Corning: The Life and Times of a Global Corporation. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 507 p.). Corning Incorporated; Conglomerate corporations--United States.

(Daewoo), Kim Woo-Choong; introduction by Louis Kraar (1992). Every Street Is Paved with Gold: The Road to Real Success. (New York, NY: Morrow, 254 p.). Founder, Daewoo Group. Kim, U-jung; Taeu Group; Success in business--Korea (South); Industrial management--Korea (South). 

(Dutch East India Company -1602-1798), C. R. Boxer (1979). Jan Compagnie in War and Peace, 1602-1799: A Short History of the Dutch East-India Company. (Hong Kong: Heinemann Asia, 115 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--History.

(Dutch East India Company), Om Prakash (1985). The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, 1630-1720. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 291 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie; Bengal (India)--Economic conditions; Asia--Commerce--Europe--History--17th century; Europe--Commerce--Asia--History--17th century.

(Dutch East India Company), John Landwehr (1991). VOC: A Bibliography of Publications Relating to the Dutch East India Company, 1602-1800. (Utrecht, NE: HES Publishers, 840 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--Bibliography.

(Dutch East India Company), Reinout Vos; translated by Beverly Jackson. (1993). Gentle Janus, Merchant Prince: The VOC and the Tightrope of Diplomacy in the Malay World, 1740-1800. (Leiden, NE: KITLV, 252 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--History; Malacca, Strait of--Commerce--History--18th century.

(Dutch East India Company), Dianne Lewis (1995). Jan Compagnie in the Straits of Malacca, 1641-1795. (Athens, OH: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 160 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--History; Malaya--History--18th century; Malacca, Strait of--History--18th century; Malaya--History--17th century; Malacca, Strait of--History--17th century.

(Dutch East India Company), Gerrit Knaap (1996). Shallow Waters, Rising Tide: Shipping and Trade in Java Around 1775. (Leiden, NE: KITLV Press, 255 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--History--18th century; Shipping--Indonesia--Java--History--18th century; Java (Indonesia)--Commerce--History--18th century.

(Dutch East India Company), Giles Milton (1999). Nathaniel's Nutmeg: Or, The True and Incredible Adventures of the Spice Trader Who Changed the Course of History. (New York, NY: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 388 p.). Courthope, Nathaniel; Coen, Jan Pieterszoon, 1587-1629; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie -- History; Spice trade -- Indonesia -- Maluku -- History -- 17th century; Nutmeg industry -- Indonesia -- Maluku -- History -- 17th century; Maluku (Indonesia) -- History; Indonesia -- History -- 1478-1798.

(Dutch East India Company), Ryuto Shimada (2005). The Intra-Asian Trade in Japanese Copper by the Dutch East India Company During the Eightenth Century. (Boston, MA: Brill, 225 p.). Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie--History--18th century; Copper industry and trade--Japan--History--18th century; Copper mines and mining--Japan--History--18th century; Copper industry and trade--History--18th century; Netherlands--Commerce--Asia--History--18th century; Asia--Commerce--Netherlands--History--18th century. 

(East India Company - formed 1600), R. H. Mottram (1939). Traders' Dream; The Romance of the East India Company. (New York, NY: Appleton-Century, 322 p.). East India Company; India--History--British occupation, 1765-1947.

(East India Company), Lucy S. Sutherland (1952). The East India Company in Eighteenth-Century Politics. (Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 430 p.). East India Company; Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century.

(East India Company), C. H. (Cyril Henry) Philips (1961). The East India Company, 1784-1834. (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 374 p.). East India Company.

(East India Company), Lucy S. Sutherland (1962). A London Merchant, 1695-1774. (London, UK: F. Cass, 164 p.). Braund, William, 1695-1774; East India Company; Great Britain--Commerce--History--18th century.

(East India Company), K.N. Chaudhuri. (1965). The English East India Company; The Study of an Early Joint-Stock Company, 1600-1640. (LOndon, UK: F. Cass, 245 p.). East India Company.

(East India Company), C. Northcote Parkinson (1966). Trade in the Eastern Seas, 1793-1813. (New York, NY: A. M. Kelley, 434 p. [orig. pub. 1937]). East India Company; Merchant marine--Great Britain--History; East Indies--Commerce--Great Britain; Great Britain--Commerce--East Indies.

(East India Company), P. J. Marshall (1968). Problems of Empire: Britain and India 1757-1813. (New York, NY: Barnes & Noble, 239 p.). East India Company; India--History--18th century; Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century.

(East India Company), Brian Gardner (1972). The East India Company: A History. (New York, NY: McCall Pub. Co., 319 p.). East India Company--History; India--History--18th century; India--History--19th century.

(East India Company), Ramkrishna Mukherjee (1974). The Rise and Fall of the East India Company; A Sociological Appraisal. (New York, NY: Monthly Review Press, 445 p.). East India Company--History.

(East India Company), D. C. Coleman (1975). Sir John Banks, Baronet and Businessman: A Study of Business, Politics, and Society in Later Stuart England. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 215 p, [orig. pub. 1963]). Banks, John, Sir, bart., 1627-1699; Businessmen--Great Britain--Biography; Great Britain--History--Stuarts, 1603-1714--Biography. Banks - executive with East India Company.

(East India Company), P. J. Marshall (1976). East Indian Fortunes: The British in Bengal in the Eighteenth Century. (Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 284 p.). East India Company; Merchants--Great Britain--History--18th century; Merchants--India--Bengal--History--18th century; British--India--Bengal--History--18th century; Bengal (India)--Commerce--History.

(East India Company), K. N. Chaudhuri (1978). The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company, 1660-1760. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 628 p.). East India Company--History; Europe--Commerce--Asia--History; Asia--Commerce--Europe--History. One of the most significant works of the twentieth century.

(East India Company), Hoh-cheung Mui and Lorna H. Mui (1984). The Management of Monopoly: A Study of the English East India Company's Conduct of Its Tea Trade, 1784-1833. (Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press, 192 p.). East India Company--History; Tea trade--Great Britain--History.

(East India Company), Hameeda Hossain (1988). The Company Weavers of Bengal: The East India Company and the Organization of Textile Production in Bengal, 1750-1813. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 211 p.). East India Company--History; Cotton textile industry--India--Bengal--History; Bengal (India)--Economic conditions.

(East India Company), Anthony Farrington (1991). The English Factory in Japan, 1613-1623. (London, UK: British Library, 1658 p.). East India Company--History--17th century--Sources; Great Britain--Commerce--Japan--History--17th century--Sources; Japan--Commerce--Great Britain--History--17th century--Sources.

(East India Company), Philip Lawson (1993). The East India Company: A History. (New York, NY: Longman, 188 p.). East India Company--Histor; Great Britain--Commerce--India--History; India--Commerce--Great Britain--History; India--History--1526-1765.

(East India Company), John Keay (1994). The Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 474 p.). East India Company--History; Great Britain--Commerce--India--History; India--History--1500-1765.

(East India Company), James H. Thomas (1999). The East India Company and Provinces in the Eighteenth Century. (Lewiston, ME: Edwin Mellen Press, 1 vol.). East India Company--History; Great Britain--Commerce--History. Incomplete Contents: v. 1. Portsmouth and the East India Company, 1700-1815.

(East India Company), Antony Wild (1999). The East India Company: Trade and Conquest from 1600. (New Delhi, India: HarperCollins, 191 p.). East India Company--History.

(East India Company), Anthony Farrington (2002). Trading Places: The East India Company and Asia 1600-1834. (London, UK: British Library, 128 p.). East India Company--History; Great Britain--Commerce--Asia--History; Asia--Commerce--Great Britain--History. Published on the occasion of an exhibition held at the British Library, 24 May-15 Sept. 2002.

(East India Company), H.V. Bowen (2005). The Business of Empire: The East India Company and Imperial Britain, 1756-1833. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 304 p.). Senior Lecturer in Economic and Social History (University of Leicester). East India Company; Great Britain--Colonies--Asia; Great Britain--Commerce--Asia--History; Asia--Commerce--Great Britain--History. What happened in Britain when the East India Company acquired a vast territorial empire in South Asia.

(East India Company), S. Babu (2006). Merchants of Politics: East India Company and Dawn of the Raj. (New Delhi, IN: Dominant Publishers and Distributors, 18o p.). East India Company--History; Great Britain--Commerce--Asia--History; Asia--Commerce--Great Britain--History.

(East India Company), George K. McGilvary (2006). Guardian of the East India Company: The Life of Laurence Sulivan. (London, UK: Tauris Academic Studies, 328 p.). Sulivan, Laurence, d. 1786; East India Company -- History -- 18th century; Businessmen -- Great Britain -- Biography; Businessmen -- India -- Biography; Great Britain -- Colonies -- Commerce. Influential businessman who controlled the most powerful private company of his day. 

(East India Company), Nick Robins (2006). The Corporation that Changed the World: How the East India Company Shaped the Modern Multinational. (Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Press, 218 p.). East India Company--History; International business enterprises--Great Britain--History; International business enterprises--Government policy--Great Britain; International business enterprises; International trade; India--Economic conditions.

(Eaton), Donald N. Scobel (1981). Creative Worklife. (Houston, TX: Gulf Pub. Co., 244 p.). Eaton Corporation; Industrial relations--United States--Case studies; Machinery industry--United States--Personnel management--Case studies.

(Eaton), The Company (1985). The History of Eaton Corporation, 1911-1985. (Cleveland, OH: Eaton, 94 p.). Eaton Corporation--History; Truck industry--United States--History; Conglomerate corporations--United States--History.

(Elders IXL Ltd. - dates to 1840's partnership between Alexander Elder and T.E. Barr Smith), Bruce Brown; foreword by Tim Bowden (1991). I Excel!: The Life and Times of Sir Henry Jones. (Hobart, AU: Libra, 207 p.). Jones, Henry, Sir, 1862-1926; Businesspeople--Australia--Tasmania--Biography.

(Elders IXL Ltd.), Peter Denton (1986). Elliott: A Biography of John D. Elliott. (Bedford, UK: Little Hills Press, 266 p.). Elliott, John D. (John Dorman), 1941- ; Businesspeople--Australia--Biography.

(Ethyl Corporation), Joseph C. Robert (1983). Ethyl: A History of the Corporation and the People Who Made It. (Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia, 448 p.). Ethyl Corporation -- History; Conglomerate corporations -- United States -- History.

(Federal Paperboard), Richard Blodgett (1991). Federal Paper Board at Seventy-Five: The Intimate History of an American Enterprise (Essex, CT: Greenwich Pub. Group, 223 p.). Federal Paper Board Company--History; Paperboard industry--United States--History; Paper box industry--United States--History; Conglomerate corporations--United States--History.

(French East India Companies),,Donald C. Wellington  (2006). French East India Companies: A Historical Account and Record of Trade. (Lanham, MD: Hamilton Books, 241 p.). Compagnie des Indes; Compagnie des Indes orientales; France --Commerce --India --History --18th century; India --Commerce --France --History --18th century. Historical narrative, economic statistical analysis of France's import trade with Far East during 17th and 18th centuries.

(Fuqua Industries), J.B. Fuqua; Foreword by Tom Johnson (2001). Fuqua: A Memoir: How I Made My Fortune Using Other People's Money. (Atlanta, GA: Longstreet Press, 328 p.). Founder, Fuqua Industries; Endowed Duke University School of Business. Fuqua, J.B.; Fuqua Industries; Conglomerate corporations--United States.

(GE - company traces its beginnings to Thomas A. Edison's Edison Electric Light Company in 1878), John T. Broderick (1929). Forty Years with General Electric. (Albany, NY: Fort Orange Press, 218 p.). General Electric Company.

(GE), Ida M. Tarbell (1932). Owen D. Young, A New Type of Industrial Leader. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 353 p.). Young, Owen D., 1874-.

(GE), John Winthrop Hammond and Arthur Pound (1941). Men and Volts; The Story of General Electric. (Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, 436 p.). General Electric Company; Electric engineering--United States.

(GE), John Anderson Miller (1947). Men and Volts at War; The Story of General Electric in World War II. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 272 p.). General Electric Company; Munitions.

(GE), David Loth (1976). Swope of G.E. (New York, NY: Arno Press, 309 p. [orig. pub. 1958]). Swope, Gerard, 1872-1957; General Electric Company.

(GE), Josephine Young Case, Everett Needham Case (1982). Owen D. Young and American Enterprise: A Biography. (Boston, MA: D.R. Godine, 964 p.). Young, Owen D., 1874- ; Electric household appliances industry--United States--History; Businessmen--United States--Biography.

(GE), David E. Nye (1985). Image Worlds: Corporate Identities at General Electric, 1890-1930. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 188 p.). General Electric Company; Photography, Industrial--United States.

(GE), Edward J. Covington (1994). Franklin S. Terry (1862-1926), Industrialist: Paragon of Organization, Harmony, and Generosity. (Highland Heights, OH: E.J. Covington, 101 p.). Terry, Franklin S., 1862-1926; Terry family; General Electric Company--History; Industrialists--United States--Biography; Philanthropists--United States--Biography; Electric lamp industry--United States--History; Blind--United States--Printing and writing systems--History; Deaf--Means of communication--United States--History; Ansonia (Conn.)--Biography.

(GE), Stephen Aris (1998). Arnold Weinstock and the Making of GEC. (London, UK: Aurum, 244 p.). Weinstock, Arnold, Baron, 1924- ; General Electric Company (Great Britain)--History; Electric industries--Great Britain--History; Jewish businesspeople--Great Britain--Biography.

(GE), Max H. Kirsch (1998). In the Wake of the Giant: Multinational Restructuring and Uneven Development in a New England Community. (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 146 p.). General Electric Company; Downsizing of organizations--Social aspects--Massachusetts--Pittsfield; Industries--Social aspects--Massachusetts--Pittsfield; Community development--Massachusetts--Pittsfield; Pittsfield (Mass.)--Economic conditions; Pittsfield (Mass.)--Social conditions.

(GE), Thomas F.O'Boyle (1998). At Any Cost: Jack Welch, General Electric, and the Pursuit of Profit (New York, NY: Knopf, 449 p.). Welch, Jack (John Francis), 1935- ; General Electric Company--Management; Electric industries--United States--Management--Case studies.

(GE), Jerome T. Coe (2000). Unlikely Victory: How General Electric Succeeded in the Chemical Industry. (New York, NY: American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 219 p.). General Electric Company; Chemical industry--United States; Conglomerate corporations--United States; International business enterprises--United States.

(GE), Janet Lowe (2001). Welch: An American Icon. (New York, NY: Wiley, 304 p.). Welch, Jack (John Francis), 1935- ; General Electric Company--Management; Electric industries--United States; Chief executive officers--United States--Biography; Leadership--United States.

(Peruzzi Company), Edwin S. Hunt (1994). The Medieval Super-Companies: A Study of the Peruzzi Company of Florence. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 291 p.). Compagnia dei Peruzzi--History; Merchants--Italy--Florence--History; Florence (Italy)--Commerce--History.

(Reliance Industries), S.R. Mohnot (1987). Reliance, An Industrial Legend. (New Delhi, India: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, 375 p.). Reliance Industries Limited.

(Reliance Industries), Hamish McDonald (1999). The Polyester Prince: The Rise of Dhirubhai Ambani. (St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 296 p.). Ambani, Dhirubhai; Reliance Group.  

(Reliance Industries), K. Bhushan (2002). Dhirubhai Ambani: The Man Behind Reliance. (New Delhi, IN: APH Publishing, 190 p.). Ambani, Dhirubhai; Reliance Industries, Ltd.

(Reliance Industries), Alam Srinivas (2005). Ambani vs Ambani: Storms in the Sea Wind. (New Delhi, India: Lotus Collection, Roli Books, 242 p.). Ambani, Anil; Ambani, Mukesh; Industrialists--India--Biography.

(Siemens), Wilfried Feldenkirchen (1994). Werner Von Siemens: Inventor and International Entrepreneur. (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 203 p.). Siemens, Werner von, 1816-1892; Electric engineers--Germany--Biography; Businesspeople--Germany--Biography; Electric engineering--Germany--History--19th century; Business enterprises--Germany--History--19th century.

(Tata Group), D. E. Wacha (1915). The Life and Life Work of J. N. Tata. (Madras, IN: Ganesh, 204 p. [2nd ed.]). Tata, Jamsetji Nasarwanji, 1839-1904.

(Tata Group), J.R.D. Tata; edited by S.A. Sabavala and R.M. Lala (1986). Keynote: Excerpts from His Speeches and Chairman’s Statements to Shareholders. (Bombay, IN: Tata Press, 155 p.). Industries--India; India--Economic conditions--1947- ; India--Social conditions--1947-.

(Tata Group), Murad Fyzee ; with a foreword by G. Leonard Cheshire (1991). Aircraft and Engine Perfect: The Story of JRD Tata Who Opened Up Skies for His Country. (New Delhi, IN: Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co., 176 p.). Tata, J. R. D. (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy), 1904- ; Air pilots--India--Biography; Aeronautics--India--History.

(Tata Group), R.M. Lala (1992). Beyond the Last Blue Mountain: A Life of J.R.D. Tata. (New York, NY: Penguin Books, 398 p.). Tata, J.R.D. (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy), 1904- ; Steel industry and Trade--India--Biography.

--- (1995). The Joy of Achievement: Conversations with J.R.D. Tata. (New York, NY: Viking, 194 p.). Tata, J. R. D. (Jehangir Ratenji Dadabhoy), 1904- ; Industrial policy--India.

--- (2004). For the Love of India: The Life and Times of Jamsetji Tata. (New York, NY: Penguin, 247 p.). Tata, Jamsetji Nasarwanji, 1839-1904; Industrialists--India--Biography; Philanthropists--India--Biography. On life and achievements of Jamsetji Nasarwanji Tata, 1839-1904, Indian industrialist and philanthropist.

(Tata Group), R.M. Lala ; foreword by J.R.D. Tata ; epilogue by Ratan N. Tata (2004). The Creation of Wealth: The Tatas from the 19th to the 21st Century. ( New York, NY: Penguin Group, 303 p.). Tata Industries Private Limited--History.

(Tata Group), Aman Nath & Jay Vithalani with Tulsi Vatsal (2004). Horizons: The Tata-India Century, 1904-2004. (Mumbai, IN: India Book House, 357 p.). Tata, Jamsetji Nasarwanji, 1839-1904; Tata, J. R. D. (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy), 1904- ; Tata, Naval; Tata Group--History. History of Tata Group, business conglomerate of India, juxtaposed with history of modern India and industrialization.

(Tata Group), Bakhtiar K. Dadabhoy (2005). "Jeh", A Life of J.R.D. Tata. (New Delhi, IN: Rupa & Co., 165 p.). Tata, J. R. D. (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy), 1904- ; Industrialists--India--Biography.

(Textron), Robert S. Eisenhauer (1979). Textron ... From the Beginning. (Providence, RI: Textron, 147 p.). Textron, inc.--History.

(Textron), Royal Little (1979). How to Lose $100,000,000 and Other Valuable Advice. (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 334 p.). Little, Royal, 1896-; Textron, inc.; Capitalists and financiers--United States--Biography; Conglomerate corporations--United States.

(Trafalgar House), Nigel Broackes (1979). A Growing Concern: An Autobiography. (London, UK: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 278 p.). British Entrepreneur. Nigel Broackes, Trafalgar House Limited.

(TRW), Davis Dyer (1998). TRW : Pioneering Technology and Innovation Since 1900 (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 503 p.).

(Unilever), Charles Wilson (1968). Unilever 1945-1965: Challenge & Response in the Post-War Industrial Revolution. (London, UK: Cassell, 290 p.). Unilever (Firm); Unilever, N.V.

(Unilever), Charles Wilson (1970). The History of Unilever: A Study in Economic Growth and Social Change. (London, UK: Cassell, 3 vols.). Unilever, N. V.; Unilever (Firm); Soap trade--Great Britain.  

(Unilever), Andrew M. Knox (1976). Coming Clean: A Postscript After Retirement from Unilever. (London, UK: Heinemann, 252 p.). Knox, Andrew Marshall, 1903- ; Unilever (Firm)--History; Businesspeople--Great Britain--Biography.

(Unilever), D. K. Fieldhouse (1978). Unilever Overseas: The Anatomy of a Multinational 1895-1965. (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 620 p.). Unilever (Firm); International business enterprises--Developing countries--Case studies. Series: Hoover Institution publication.

(Unilever), W. J. Reader (1980). Fifty Years of Unilever, 1930-1980. (London, UK: Heinemann, 148 p.). Unilever (Firm)--History.

(Unilever), T. Thomas (1992). To Challenge and To Change. (New York, NY: Viking, 237 p.). Former chairman of Hindustan Lever, director of Unilever Ltd., London and Unilever, NV, Rotterdam. Thomas, T. (Thomas), 1927- ; Businesspeople--India--Biography.

(Unilever), Philip Mirvis, Karen Ayas, George Roth (2003). To the Desert and Back: The Story of One of the Most Dramatic Business Transformations on Record. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 257 p.). Organizational Psychologist, Research Fellow (Erasmus University, Rotterdam), Research Associate (MIT). Unilever N.V.; Food industry and trade--Netherlands; Consolidation and merger of corporations--Netherlands--Case studies; Corporate reorganizations--Netherlands--Case studies; International business enterprises--Case studies. 

(Unilever), Adam Macqueen (2004). The King of Sunlight: How William Lever Cleaned Up the World. (London, UK: Bantam, 328 p.). Journalist (Private Eye Magazine). Philanthropists -- Great Britain -- Biography; Soap trade -- Great Britain -- Biography; Landowners -- Great Britain -- Biography.  

(Unilever), Geoffrey Jones (2005). Renewing Unilever: Transformation and Tradition. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 375 p.). Joseph C. Wilson Professor of Business Administration (Harvard Business School). Unilever (Firm); Conglomerate corporations -- History. Evolution of the company over the last half century.

(Unilever - Hindustan Lever Ltd.), Prakash Tandon (1981). Return to Punjab. (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 211 p.). First National Chairman. Tandon, Prakash; Businesspeople--India--Biography.

(United Africa Company Ltd. - founded in 1879 by George Taubman Goldie; taken over by Unilever in 1929), John E. Flint (1960). Sir George Goldie and the Making of Nigeria. (London, UK: Oxford University Press, 340 p.). Goldie, George Dashwood Taubman, Sir, 1846-1925; Nigeria--History.

(United Africa Company, Ltd.), Frederick Pedler; with a chapter by Alan Burns (1974). The Lion and the Unicorn in Africa: A History of the Origins of the United Africa Company 1787-1931. (London, UK: Heinemann Educational, 343 p.). United Africa Company, ltd.

(United Africa Company Ltd.), D. J. M. Muffett (1978). Empire Builder Extraordinary, Sir George Goldie: His Philosophy of Government and Empire. (Douglas Isle of Man, UK: Shearwater Press, 334 p.). Goldie, George Dashwood Taubman, Sir, 1846-1925; Royal Niger Company; Colonial administrators--Nigeria--Biography; Capitalists and financiers--Great Britain--Biography; Nigeria--Colonization.

(United Africa Company, Ltd.), D.K. Fieldhouse (1994). Merchant Capital and Economic Decolonization: The United Africa Company, 1929-1987. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 832 p.). United Africa Company, ltd.--History; Capital--Africa--History; Africa--Economic conditions; Africa--Colonial influence; Africa--Dependency on foreign countries.

(United Africa Company, Ltd.), Geoffrey L. Baker (1996). Trade Winds on the Niger: The Saga of the Royal Niger Company, 1830 -1971. (New York, NY: Radcliffe Press, 333 p.). Royal Niger Company--History; United Africa Company, ltd.--History; Colonial companies--Nigeria--History; Nigeria--Commerce--History.

(United Technologies), Ronald Fernandez (1983). Excess Profits: The Rise of United Technologies. (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 320 p.). United Technologies Corporation--History; Conglomerate corporations--United States--History.

(Veba AG), Heiner Radzio (1979). Unternehmen Energie: Aus d. Geschichte d. Veba. (Düsseldorf; Wien, germany: Econ-Verlag, 368 p.). Veba AG--History; Industries--Germany--Ruhr (Region)--History; Ruhr (Germany : Region)--Economic conditions. Holding compamy for state-owned industrial enterprises.

(Westinghouse), Francis E. Leupp (1918). George Westinghouse; His Life and Achievements. (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 304 p.). Westinghouse, George, 1846-1914.

(Westinghouse), Henry Goslee Prout (1922). A Life of George Westinghouse. (New York, NY: Scribner, 375 p.). Westinghouse, George, 1846-1914.

(Westinghouse), Quentin R. Skrabec, Jr. (2006). George Westinghouse: Gentle Genius. (New York, NY: Algora Pub., 272 p.). Associate Professor of Business (Findlay University). Westinghouse, George, 1846-1914; Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company--History; Inventors--United States--Biography; Electric engineering--History. Manager of innovation; developed corporate model of invention, research; took lead in electrical distribution; .nation favored AC current system of Westinghouse; natural gas distribution system made Pittsburgh the Steel City.

(Wickes), George Bush (1976). The Wide World of Wickes: An Unusual Story of an Unusual Growth Company. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 486 p.). Wickes Corporation; Conglomerate corporations--United States.

Ed. Sea-Jin Chang (2006). Business Groups in East Asia: Financial Crisis, Restructuring, and New Growth. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 264 p.). Conglomerate corporations--East Asia; Financial crises--East Asia; East Asia--Economic conditions--20th century. Most business groups did not immediately collapse during 1997 Asian Crisis, proved remarkably robust, subsequently restructured.

Editors of Fortune Magazine (1970). The Conglomerate Commotion. (New York, NY: Viking, 180 p.). Conglomerate corporations--United States. Notes: "A majority of the chapters were originally published in 1968 or 1969 ... in Fortune."

ed. Charles Gilbert (1972). The Making of a Conglomerate (Hempstead, NY: Hofstra University Press, 586 p.). Conglomerate corporations--United States--Case studies.

Michael Greenberg (1979). British Trade and the Opening of China, 1800-42. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 238 p. [orig. pub. 1951]). Great Britain -- Commerce -- China; China -- Commerce -- Great Britain; China -- History -- War of 1840-1842; Great Britain Foreign trade with China 1800-1842; China Foreign trade with Great Britain 1800-1842.

Roger L. Janelli with Dawnhee Yim (1993). Making Capitalism: The Social and Cultural Construction of a South Korean Conglomerate. (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 276 p.). Professor, Folklore and Ethnomusicology (Indiana University). Corporate culture--Korea (South); Industrial management--Korea (South); Elite (Social sciences)--Korea (South); Middle class--Korea (South) Capitalism--Korea (South). 

Ed. Geoffrey Jones (1986). British Multinationals: Origins, Management, and Performance. (Brookfield, VT: Gower, 212 p.). International business enterprises--History; Corporations, British--History. 

--- (1994). The Making of Global Enterprise. (Portland, OR: F. Cass, 209 p.). International business enterprises--History; International business enterprises--Case studies. Two main themes: 1) How has global business developed over the last century? 2) What has been its impact on host economies?

Geoffrey Jones (2000). Merchants to Multinationals: British Trading Companies in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 404 p.). Joseph C. Wilson Professor of Business Administration (Harvard Business School). Trading companies--Great Britain--History; International business enterprises--Great Britain--History; Investments, British--History; International trade--History.

--- (2005). Multinationals and Global Capitalism: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 340 p.). Joseph C. Wilson Professor of Business Administration (Harvard Business School). International business enterprises--History--19th century; International business enterprises--History--20th century; Capitalism--History--19th century; Capitalism--History--20th century; Globalization--Economic aspects--History--19th century; Globalization--Economic aspects--History--20th century.

Yoshiro Miwa and J. Mark Ramseyer (2006). The Fable of the Keiretsu: Urban Legends of the Japanese Economy. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 192 p.). Professor of Economics (University of Tokyo); Mitsubishi Professor of Japanese Legal Studies (Harvard Law School). Conglomerate corporations--Japan; Corporations--Finance; Japan--Economic policy--1989- ; Japan--Economic conditions--1989-. Authors argue that talk of keiretsu is urban legend; very idea  created, propagated by Marxist scholars in post-war Japan.

Kenichi Miyashita, David W. Russell (1994). Keiretsu: Inside the Hidden Japanese Conglomerates. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 225 p.). Conglomerate corporations--Japan; Industrial concentration--Japan.

Ronald W. Schatz (1983). The Electrical Workers: A History of Labor at General Electric and Westinghouse, 1923-1960. (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 279 p.). General Electric Company--History; Westinghouse Electric Corporation--History; Electric industry workers--United States--History; Electric industry workers--Labor unions--United States--History; Labor unions and communism--United States--History; Working class--United States--History--20th century.

Robert Sobel (1999). The Rise and Fall of the Conglomerate Kings. (Washington, DC: Beard Books, 240 p. [orig. pub. 1984]). Conglomerate corporations--United States--History; Consolidation and merger of corporations--United States--History; Directors of corporations--United States--History.

Richard M. Steers, Yoo Keun Shin, Gerardo R. Ungson (1989). The Chaebol: Korea's New Industrial Might (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 164 p.). Conglomerate corporations--Korea (South); Industrial policy--Korea (South); Industrial management--Korea (South); Industrial organization--Korea (South).

ed. Shin'ichi Yonekawa (1990). General Trading Companies: A Comparative and Historical Study. (Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 229 p.). Trading companies--Japan--History.

Alexander K. Young (1979). The Sogo Shosha: Japan's Multinational Trading Companies. (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 247 p.). Conglomerate corporations--Japan; Exports--Japan; Trading companies--Japan.

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Business History Links

Corning Museum of Glass                           http://www.cmog.org/                                                                        The Museum houses over 29,000 objects representing 3,500 years of glassmaking; also houses the Rakow Library, the most comprehensive research library in the world. Images of some of the collection, and an extensive educational section called "A Resource of Glass "that is used as a syllabus for many schools and researchers. Recently added a new multi-million dollar Innovation Center that represents key stories of inventions and breakthroughs in glassmaking.

3M's Logo History (Identity Strategy & Standards) http://www.3m.com/about3m/logo/identity.jhtml                   Developed in 1997 to help 3M build and protect its brand.